Translation Procedures

What is borrowing in the context of translation?

• Rewriting a sentence using different grammatical structures

• Using a word from the source language in the target language

• Adapting a text to suit cultural expectations

• Changing the point of view in translation

Which procedure involves changing the

rammatical category of a word without changing the meaning?

• Transposition

• Modulation

• Adaptation

• Calque

Which translation procedure

would best be used for the English idiom

“It’s raining cats and dogs”?

• Literal translation

• Borrowing

• Equivalence

• Transposition

What is a key reason for choosing literal translation over other strategies?

• The target language has no equivalent concept

• The languages share similar structures and meanings

• The expression is culturally specific

• The target audience is unfamiliar with the topic

Which translation procedure is used in this example?

English: “He kicked the bucket” → Spanish: “Estiró la pata”**

• Literal translation

• Modulation

• Calque

• Equivalence

Which of the following translations is an example of modulation?

• English: “It's not difficult” → Spanish: “Es fácil”

• English: “Weekend” → Spanish: “Fin de semana”

• English: “She is broke” → Spanish: “Ella está rota”

• English: “Marketing” → Spanish: “Marketing”

Which sentence shows the use of borrowing in Spanish?

• “Nube digital” for “cloud”

• “Computación en la nube” for “cloud computing”

• “Cloud computing” kept in the Spanish sentence

• “Almacenamiento virtual” for “cloud storage”

Which translation shows an example of amplification?

• English: “Breakfast” → Spanish: “Desayuno”

• English: “Bachelor” → Spanish: “Hombre soltero”

• English: “She left” → Spanish: “Ella se fue”

• English: “Police officer” → Spanish: “Oficial”

What is the difference between translation strategy and procedure?

Can you think of an example of a borrowing in Spanish? It can be from any language.