DNA Structure and Replication

What is the significance of the sequence of bases in DNA?

• It determines the color of an organism's eyes.

• It determines the genetic information and instructions for building proteins.

• It controls the speed of cellular processes.

• It influences the organism's habitat and environment.

What is a nucleotide?

• A basic building block of DNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.

• A type of protein that helps in cellular respiration.

• A molecule that carries genetic information in the form of RNA.

• A lipid that forms the cell membrane.

What base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Cytosine (C)

• Guanine (G)

• Thymine (T)

• Uracil (U)

What is the structure of a DNA molecule?

• A DNA molecule is structured as a single strand.

• A DNA molecule is structured as a double helix.

• A DNA molecule is structured as a triple helix.

• A DNA molecule is structured as a circular loop.

What base pairs with cytosine in DNA?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Uracil

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

• DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain during DNA replication.

• DNA polymerase is responsible for repairing damaged DNA strands.

• DNA polymerase helps in the transcription of RNA from DNA.

• DNA polymerase is involved in the translation of proteins from RNA.

What is semi-conservative replication?

• A process where both strands of DNA are newly synthesized.

• A method of DNA replication where each new molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

• A technique used to repair damaged DNA strands.

• A type of replication that occurs only in prokaryotic cells.

What is a gene?

• A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

• A type of RNA that helps in protein synthesis.

• A molecule that carries genetic information from one generation to the next.

• A structure within a cell that produces energy.

What is the result of DNA replication?

• Two identical DNA molecules, each with two new strands.

• Two DNA molecules, each with one new strand and one original strand.

• One DNA molecule with two original strands.

• Three DNA molecules, each with one new strand.

What is the role of the phosphate group in DNA?

• It provides energy for DNA replication.

• It forms the backbone of the DNA strand, linking the sugar molecules together.

• It acts as a coding region for protein synthesis.

• It helps in the unwinding of the DNA helix.