Exploring Hydropower Concepts

What is the basic principle of hydropower generation?

• Burning fossil fuels to produce energy

• The basic principle of hydropower generation is to convert the energy of flowing or falling water into electricity.

• Using solar panels to generate electricity

• Harnessing wind energy for power generation

How does the water cycle contribute to hydropower?

• The water cycle has no impact on energy production.

• The water cycle provides the water flow needed for hydropower generation.

• Hydropower relies solely on solar energy.

• The water cycle decreases the efficiency of hydropower.

What are the main environmental impacts of hydropower projects?

• Enhanced biodiversity in surrounding areas

• Main environmental impacts of hydropower projects include habitat alteration, changes in water quality, disruption of ecosystems, and fish migration issues.

• Increased carbon emissions from power generation

• Improvement of local air quality

How can hydropower affect local ecosystems?

• Hydropower improves local ecosystems by increasing biodiversity.

• Hydropower has no impact on local ecosystems.

• Hydropower only affects air quality, not water systems.

• Hydropower can disrupt local ecosystems by altering water flow and affecting habitats.

What are the key components of a hydroelectric dam?

• Wind turbine, solar panel, transformer

• Dam structure, reservoir, intake, turbine, generator, spillway

• Water wheel, sluice gate, penstock

• Coal generator, oil reservoir, floodgate

What design features are critical for dam safety?

• Landscaping features

• Aesthetic design elements

• Color schemes and patterns

• Structural integrity, spillway capacity, foundation stability, monitoring systems, emergency action plans.

What types of turbines are commonly used in hydropower plants?

• Solar turbines

• Geothermal turbines

• Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines

• Wind turbines

How do Francis turbines differ from Kaplan turbines?

• Francis turbines are for medium to high head, fixed blades; Kaplan turbines are for low head, adjustable blades.

• Francis turbines are for low head, adjustable blades; Kaplan turbines are for medium to high head, fixed blades.

• Francis turbines are used in tidal applications; Kaplan turbines are used in hydroelectric dams.

• Francis turbines have adjustable blades; Kaplan turbines have fixed blades for high head.

What role does hydropower play in the renewable energy sector?

• Hydropower contributes to fossil fuel production.

• Hydropower is a key renewable energy source that generates electricity from flowing water, reduces emissions, and supports energy stability.

• Hydropower is a non-renewable energy source.

• Hydropower is primarily used for irrigation purposes.

What percentage of global electricity is generated by hydropower?

• 25%

• 16%

• 5%

• 10%