Vertebral Osteology

What motion does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

The posterior longitudinal ligament is continuous with what structure at the craniocervical junction?

The ligamentum flavum connects to what structure superiorly and inferiorly?

• pedicles

• lamina

• spinous processes

• transverse processes

What type of joint are zygapophysial joints?

• fibrous suture

• synovial saddle

• cartilaginous planar

• synovial planar

Select all correct components of a synovial joint

• synovial fluid

• hyaline cartilage at the articulations

• joint capsule

• synovial membrane

Zygapophyseal joints are innervated by the anterior primary rami

• true

• false

Which is larger?

• anterior primary rami

• posterior primary rami

What vertebral level does the spinal cord end?

Which vertebral pathology results in an anterior shift of the vertebrae superior to the injury?

• spondylolisthesis

• spondylosis

• pars interarticularis

The vertebral artery branches off of the subclavian artery and enters into the transverse foramen at what vertebral level?

• C2

• C4

• C7

• C6