Ch. 8 MT & Ch. 21 MA Practice

What is a bacterial infection common to older adults in hospitals or long-term care facilities, typically following the use of antibiotics that wipe out competing bacteria?

• salmonellosis

• E. coli

• dysentery

• Clostridium difficile

Answer explanation

Clostridium difficile is a bacterial infection that often occurs in older adults after antibiotic use, as it thrives when competing bacteria are eliminated. It is common in hospitals and long-term care facilities.

Which of the following working postures is not considered proper ergonomics?

• Upper arms and elbow extended outward.

• Head, neck, and truck are faced forward, not twisted.

• Forearms, wrists, and hands are straight and in line, forearm at about 90 degrees to the upper arm.

• Shoulders and upper arms are in line with the torso, generally about perpendicular to the floor and relaxed, not elevated or stretched forward.

Answer explanation

The posture of upper arms and elbows extended outward is not ergonomic as it can lead to strain and discomfort. Proper ergonomics require arms to be relaxed and close to the body.

At the beginning of the day, visually inspect all exam rooms and lab areas. What items should you inspect and tasks should you perform?

• Restock supplies and maintain inventory.

• Observe temperature and plug in any disconnected electrical equipment; check the water level in the autoclave and turn it on.

• Replace examining paper and empty waste receptacles.

• All the responses are correct.

Answer explanation

All items listed are essential for ensuring exam rooms and lab areas are ready for use. This includes restocking supplies, checking equipment, and maintaining cleanliness, making 'All the responses are correct' the best choice.

Which type of abnormal stool contains excess fat?

• hematochezia

• steatorrhea

• trismus

• melena

Answer explanation

Steatorrhea is the type of abnormal stool that contains excess fat, often resulting from malabsorption disorders. Hematochezia and melena refer to blood in stool, while trismus is related to jaw movement, not stool.

Which term describes the building up of body cells or substances from nutrients?

• digestion

• catabolism

• anabolism

• absorption

Answer explanation

Anabolism is the process of building up body cells and substances from nutrients, contrasting with catabolism, which breaks down molecules. Therefore, the correct term for this building process is anabolism.

Which term is also known as vomiting?

• emesis

• nausea

• regurgitation

• hematemesis

Answer explanation

The term 'emesis' specifically refers to vomiting. While 'nausea' is the sensation that often precedes vomiting, 'regurgitation' is the act of bringing swallowed food back up without the force of vomiting. 'Hematemesis' refers to vomiting blood.

An overbite is an example of what?

• a. aerophagia

• b. eructation

• c. cachexia

• d. malocclusion

Answer explanation

An overbite is a dental condition where the upper teeth overlap the lower teeth. This misalignment is classified as malocclusion, making 'd. malocclusion' the correct answer.

Daily equipment maintenance includes all but which of the following?

• troubleshooting

• cleaning

• checking consumables

• ordering replacement parts

Answer explanation

Daily equipment maintenance involves tasks like troubleshooting, cleaning, and checking consumables. Ordering replacement parts is not a daily task, making it the correct choice that does not belong in daily maintenance.

Ever since his stroke, Herman Hernandez has had difficulty swallowing. What is the term for this condition?

• gingivitis

• dyspepsia

• stricture

• dysphagia

Answer explanation

The condition of difficulty swallowing is known as dysphagia. It is commonly seen in individuals who have had strokes, affecting their ability to swallow properly.

What is the surgical removal of part or all of the colon?

• colectomy

• hemorrhoidectomy

• colostomy

• cholecystectomy

Answer explanation

The surgical removal of part or all of the colon is called a colectomy. Other options like hemorrhoidectomy and colostomy refer to different procedures, while cholecystectomy involves the gallbladder.