Evolution Theory Test Review HS LS 4-2

Define the term: Evolution

• Evolution is the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

• Evolution is the process of water turning into vapor.

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Define the term: Gene flow

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.

• Gene flow is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Define the term: Natural Selection

• Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

• Natural selection is the process of organisms choosing their own traits.

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Define the term: Genetic Drift

• Genetic drift is the increase in genetic variation due to mutation.

• Genetic drift is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant in a population due to random sampling of organisms.

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Define the term: Population Genetics

• Population genetics is the study of the distribution and change in frequency of alleles within populations.

• Population genetics is the study of the classification of organisms.

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Define the term: Speciation

• Speciation is the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

• Speciation is the extinction of a species due to environmental changes.

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Define the term: Divergent Evolution

• Divergent evolution is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, leading to speciation.

• Divergent evolution is the sudden appearance of new traits in a population due to genetic mutation only.

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Define the term: Convergent Evolution

• Convergent evolution refers to the gradual change in a species over time due to natural selection and genetic drift.

• Convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.

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Define the term: Coevolution

• Coevolution is the development of similar traits in unrelated species due to similar environments.

• Coevolution is the influence of closely associated species on each other in their evolution.

The scientific theory of evolution is backed by:

• evidence from fossils, genetics, and comparative anatomy

• personal beliefs and opinions

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