S2 Biology - Disease and Defence

Which of the following are examples of disease-causing microorganisms?

• Bacteria

• Viruses

• Fungi

• All of the above

What is the main method by which bacteria cause disease?

• By releasing toxins

• By producing spores

• By consuming cells

• By blocking airways

What is the role of the immune system in fighting infections?

• It produces toxins to kill pathogens

• It digests the pathogens

• It defends the body by producing antibodies

• It boosts bacteria growth

Which of the following is an example of a bacterial infection?

• Influenza

• Tuberculosis

• Common cold

• HIV

Which part of the immune system is responsible for the second line of defence?

• White blood cells

• Skin

• Antibodies

• Antigens

What is the role of phagocytes in the immune response?

• To produce antibodies

• To engulf and digest pathogens

• To produce toxins

• To transport oxygen

How do white blood cells recognize pathogens?

• By their shape

• By their DNA

• By antigens on their surface

• By their color

What is an inflammatory response?

• The body's response to pathogens by swelling and redness

• The body's response to a broken bone

• The body's response to temperature changes

• The body's response to fatigue

What is the purpose of vaccination?

• To treat infections

• To prevent future infections

• To increase energy

• To reduce inflammation

Which of the following is true about immunity?

• Immunity can only be acquired through infection

• Vaccines provide immunity without causing disease

• Immunity lasts for only a few hours

• Only animals can develop immunity