Week 8 Quiz resource

Why does vocal fold paralysis often occur after cardiothoracic surgery?

• Due to damage to the vocal cords during surgery.

• Because of the course of the recurrent laryngeal branch of the cranial nerve.

• As a result of anesthesia complications.

• Due to swelling in the throat area post-surgery.

Hypokinetic dysarthria

• Associated with Parkinson's disease

• Characterized by a high-pitched voice

• Involves excessive loudness variations

• Results in slurred speech

Fasciculations

• Involuntary, rapid contractions of muscle fibers - muscle twitches

• A type of muscle strain caused by overexertion

• A chronic condition affecting muscle strength

• A form of muscle paralysis due to nerve damage

Treatment for Spasmodic Dysphonia

• Botox

• Surgery

• Speech Therapy

• Antidepressants

Huntington's disease/ Huntington's Chorea

• Chronic brain disorder leading to a gradual breakdown of nerves in the brain

• A genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain

• An autoimmune disease affecting the muscles and joints

• A viral infection that causes inflammation of the brain

Impact of spastic dysarthria on voice

• Hyperadduction of the TVFs - limits TVF length and increases tone of the muscle itself

• Hypoadduction of the TVFs - decreases muscle tone and length

• Normal adduction of the TVFs - maintains muscle tone and length

• Increased flexibility of the TVFs - enhances vocal range

Can voice symptoms be part of a motor speech disorder?

• Yes

• No

• Only in children

• Only in adults

Vocal tremor

• Irregular fluctuations in volume during speech

• Rhythmic, regular variations in pitch - best observed perceptually during sustained vowels

• Sudden changes in tone and loudness

• Consistent pitch with no variations

Voice therapy for neurological disorders

• Management of symptoms

• Enhancing physical strength

• Improving cognitive function

• Reducing anxiety

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

• A terminal progressive disease commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease

• A type of muscular dystrophy

• A viral infection affecting the nervous system

• A genetic disorder leading to muscle weakness