Early Warning

Which statement best describes the central idea of the passage?

• Marsh’s experience growing up on a farm allowed him to witness firsthand how human demands on nature can lead to problems, and as an adult he wrote one of the first books about conservation.

• Marsh challenged the notion that nature can repair the damage people cause to it, but he also supported human-made modifications to nature that improve transportation and commerce.

• Marsh’s ideas about the environment were considered radical in his lifetime, but they later gained popularity during the environmental movement in the twentieth century.

• Marsh was a radical thinker who believed that people’s actions could dramatically affect nature, and his writings are considered foundational to the conservation movement.

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CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

Marsh believed that the people of his time caused harm to the environment because

• they assumed that future generations would solve any environmental problems.

• they thought industrial progress was more important than protecting nature

• they were unwilling to change farming and waste-disposal practices.

• they lacked knowledge of nature and natural processes.

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CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RL.6.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

What is the most likely reason the author uses the word “surprisingly” in paragraph 1?

• to argue that Marsh’s ideas are more applicable in the present than they were during his lifetime

• to show that Marsh introduced ideas a century before they became widely accepted

• to emphasize that Marsh was unaware that his ideas would help begin a conservation movement

• to prove that there would be fewer issues with the environment today if people had accepted Marsh’s ideas earlier

Which evidence supports the accuracy of Marsh’s theories about nature?

• the details about Marsh’s observations of environmental degradation

• the details about how Marsh’s writing inspired a conservation movement

• the details about how Marsh’s ideas are essential to modern environmental science

• the details about Marsh’s opinions on human alterations to the environmen

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CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RL.6.2

CCSS.RL.6.1

CCSS.RL.7.1

Which detail about Marsh provides support for the author’s statement in paragraph 5?

• his reputation as a radical thinker

• his contribution to the conservation movement

• his experience working as an ambassador

• his approval of beneficial human-made projects in nature

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CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RL.6.1

CCSS.RL.7.1

Which of Marsh’s ideas most influenced the environmental movement of the 1960s?

• Some human alterations to the environment are necessary.

• People lack an understanding of the environmen

• Human activities could damage the environment.

• Environmental degradation has been occurring for many years.

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CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RI.6.2

CCSS.RL.6.2

CCSS.RL.8.2