Reading Cam 14 - Test 2 - Passage 2

Answers to the problem of [excessive electricity use] by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in ingenious but forgotten architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuries

• More than necessary or desirable electricity consumption
• Insufficient or inadequate electricity consumption
• Efficient and optimized electricity use
• Renewable energy generation

Answer explanation

Excessive electricity use: Sử dụng điện quá mức hoặc không cần thiết.

Answers to the problem of excessive electricity use by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in [ingenious] but forgotten architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuries

• Clever, original, and inventive
• Simple, basic, and uninspired
• Complicated and impractical
• Traditional and conventional

Answer explanation

Ingenious: Khéo léo, độc đáo và sáng tạo. Các thiết kế kiến trúc thông minh và sáng tạo.

Answers to the problem of excessive electricity use by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in ingenious but [forgotten] architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuries

• No longer remembered or used
• Widely known and admired
• Recently discovered or developed
• Continuously in use

Answer explanation

Forgotten: Bị lãng quên, không còn được nhớ đến hoặc sử dụng.

The Recovery of Natural Environments in Architecture by Professor Alan Short is the [culmination] of 30 years of research and award-winning green building design by Short and colleagues in Architecture, Engineering, Applied Maths and Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge.

• The highest point or the end result of a long period of development
• The beginning or initial stage of a project
• A minor part or component
• A diversion or side project

Answer explanation

Culmination: Đỉnh cao, kết quả cuối cùng hoặc điểm cao nhất của một quá trình dài phát triển.

The Recovery of Natural Environments in Architecture by Professor Alan Short is the culmination of 30 years of research and [award-winning] green building design by Short and colleagues in Architecture, Engineering, Applied Maths and Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge.

• Having won prizes for excellence
• Having participated in competitions
• Being nominated for awards
• Being widely recognized but not awarded

Answer explanation

Award-winning: Đoạt giải thưởng, đã giành được giải thưởng cho sự xuất sắc.

‘[Policy makers] think you can solve energy and building problems with gadgets. You can’t. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have run out of capacity.’

• Individuals or groups responsible for creating and implementing government policies
• Technical experts who design mechanical systems
• Financial investors in construction projects
• Academic researchers in environmental science

Answer explanation

Policy makers: Các nhà hoạch định chính sách, cá nhân hoặc nhóm chịu trách nhiệm tạo ra và thực hiện các chính sách của chính phủ.

‘Policy makers think you can solve energy and building problems with [gadgets]. You can’t. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have run out of capacity.’

• Small mechanical or electronic devices
• Complex architectural blueprints
• Renewable energy sources
• Traditional building materials

Answer explanation

Gadgets: Các thiết bị nhỏ, cơ khí hoặc điện tử. Các nhà hoạch định chính sách nghĩ có thể giải quyết vấn đề bằng thiết bị.

‘As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to [squander more and more energy] on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have run out of capacity.’

• Waste increasing amounts of energy carelessly or extravagantly
• Conserve and use energy efficiently
• Generate new sources of energy
• Reduce energy consumption significantly

Answer explanation

Squander more and more energy: Lãng phí ngày càng nhiều năng lượng một cách bừa bãi hoặc hoang phí.

‘As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings [mechanically cool] until we have run out of capacity.’

• Cooled using machinery such as air conditioning units
• Cooled naturally by air flow
• Cooled by passive solar design
• Cooled by evaporation of water

Answer explanation

Mechanically cool: Làm mát bằng máy móc, sử dụng máy móc như máy điều hòa không khí để làm mát.

‘As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have [run out of capacity].’

• Exhausted all available resources or ability
• Increased their operational efficiency
• Developed new energy solutions
• Found alternative cooling methods

Answer explanation

Run out of capacity: Hết khả năng, đã cạn kiệt tất cả các nguồn lực hoặc khả năng có sẵn.