U.S. History Chapter 8 Study Guide - Part 1

During which years did the Progressive Era take place?

• 1890-1920

• 1865-1880

• 1920-1940

What was a primary goal of the Progressive Era?

• To expand the monarchy

• To reform government to solve societal problems and create social justice

• To promote isolationism

What major changes was America going through in the late 19th century?

• Westward expansion, industrialization, and increased immigration

• The establishment of the United Nations and the beginning of the Cold War

• The Great Depression and the implementation of the New Deal

What was one of the main goals of Progressives during the late 19th century?

• To encourage the government to enact laws to help the poor

• To promote isolationism

• To reduce industrialization

What are "muckrakers"?

• Socially conscious journalists who dramatized the need for reform

• Political leaders who created new laws

• Business owners who opposed change

What were political machines in the context of city government?

• City officials who built corrupt organizations

• Factories that produced voting machines

• Groups of honest city workers

Which method did political bosses commonly use to influence voters?

• Bribery and violence

• Free education

• Public debates

Who was the most notorious political boss associated with Tammany Hall in New York City?

• William M. Tweed (Boss Tweed)

• Andrew Carnegie

• John D. Rockefeller

What was one way political machines like Boss Tweed's gained votes from the public?

• By providing "favors" in exchange for votes, especially from poor immigrants

• By offering free education to all citizens

• By lowering taxes for wealthy business owners

Which of the following best describes "graft" as mentioned in the context of political machines?

• Legal fundraising for government projects

• Corruption where money is charged to get government services

• Honest payment for public services