Geosphere Unit 2 Test Review: Rocks, Minerals, & Soil

Select the option that lists the 5 characteristics of a mineral.

• Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, definite chemical composition, ordered internal structure

• Man-made, liquid, organic, variable composition, random structure

• Naturally occurring, organic, gas, definite chemical composition, random structure

• Synthetic, inorganic, solid, indefinite composition, ordered internal structure

Streak is different from color in identifying minerals because:

• streak shows the color of a mineral in powdered form, while color is the appearance of the mineral itself

• streak and color are always the same for every mineral

• streak refers to the mineral's luster, while color refers to its hardness

• streak is the mineral's reaction to acid, while color is its reaction to light

Tags

NGSS.5-PS1-3

The Mohs scale measures:

• the hardness of minerals

• the color of minerals

• the weight of minerals

• the temperature of minerals

Luster is an important identifying feature because:

• it describes how a mineral reflects light

• it determines the mineral's hardness

• it shows the mineral's color

• it measures the mineral's density

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are defined as:

• Igneous rocks form from cooled magma, sedimentary rocks form from particles of other rocks, and metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks changed by heat and pressure.

• Igneous rocks form from layers of sand, sedimentary rocks form from melted lava, and metamorphic rocks form from water evaporation.

• Igneous rocks form from plant remains, sedimentary rocks form from volcanic eruptions, and metamorphic rocks form from cooling air.

• Igneous rocks form from compressed fossils, sedimentary rocks form from heat and pressure, and metamorphic rocks form from weathering.

A rock with a glassy texture and no crystals indicates:

• It cooled very quickly from molten rock.

• It formed from layers of sediment.

• It was subjected to high pressure and temperature.

• It contains a high amount of fossils.

Foliation in metamorphic rocks refers to:

• the alignment of mineral grains in parallel layers

• the presence of fossils in the rock

• the process of rock melting completely

• the formation of large crystals only

Clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks form in which of the following ways?

• Clastic rocks form from fragments of other rocks, while chemical rocks form from minerals precipitating from solution.

• Both clastic and chemical rocks form from volcanic activity.

• Clastic rocks form from cooling magma, while chemical rocks form from plant remains.

• Both clastic and chemical rocks form from the accumulation of organic material.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

The main components of soil are:

• Minerals, organic matter, water, and air

• Sand, plastic, water, and oil

• Rocks, metal, glass, and air

• Clay, rubber, salt, and water

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Permeability and porosity are defined as which of the following, and how do they differ?

• Porosity is the measure of empty spaces in a material, while permeability is the ability of a material to allow fluids to pass through it. They differ because porosity refers to the amount of space, and permeability refers to the ease of fluid flow.

• Permeability is the measure of empty spaces in a material, while porosity is the ability to allow fluids to pass through it. They differ because permeability refers to the amount of space, and porosity refers to fluid flow.

• Porosity and permeability both refer to the ability of a material to conduct electricity, but permeability is more important.

• Porosity and permeability are both measures of the color of a material, but porosity is more accurate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1