Which side effects are associated with anticholinergic drugs used in Parkinsonism?

Hypotension and increased salivation

What should the nurse teach the patient regarding protein consumption while on levodopa therapy?

You still need to eat protein, just spaced evenly throughout the day

Only eat protein at night, preferably during full moons

Eat as much protein as possible to improve dopamine response

Why would a provider prescribe levodopa/carbidopa for a patient with Parkinson’s disease?

It is the most effective Parkinson’s drug

Carbidopa increases the effect of L-dopa

L-dopa alone can become ineffective as neurodegeneration progresses

What are the main characteristics of Alzheimer’s Disease?

Progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, inability to communicate effectively or perform routine ADLs

Progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, inability to communicate effectively, sharp increase in WBC count

What is the goal of treatment (tx) in Alzheimer’s Disease?

To slow down memory and cognition loss, prolong independent function.

To completely cure the disease and restore all lost functions.

To prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s Disease in all patients.

To treat only the physical symptoms and ignore cognitive decline.

Which of the following are used for the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease?

Cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists

COMT inhibitors and MAO-B inhibitors

Cholinesterase inhibitors should be avoided in patients with which conditions?

Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ulcer disease, congestive heart failure

Hypertension, diabetes, hypothyroidism, gout

Migraine, eczema, anemia, osteoporosis

Epilepsy, psoriasis, hyperlipidemia, arthritis

If a patient is taking donepezil (Aricept) for Alzheimer’s Disease, and is still able to perform simple ADLs, what would be included in the plan of care to meet the patient’s needs?

Give gentle reorientation as needed

Let patient do as much on their own as possible

Take med once a day to avoid adverse affects

Let patient perform old hobbies (if possible)

What would be important to teach a patient if they were prescribed an antiseizure medication? (think about what applies to ANY antiseizure med)

Meds suppress seizures but do not treat cause of seizures

Drug of choice depends on seizure activity

Narrow therapeutic range requires plasma monitoring

Discontinuation must be done over 6 weeks to several months

How will you know the antiseizure meds are working?

Seizures become less frequent or stop

The patient feels more energetic

There is an increase in appetite

To help us know if the meds are working, what would we need to teach the pt to do?

Monitor and report any changes in symptoms

Stop taking the medication if they feel better

Double the dose if no improvement is seen

Ignore side effects unless severe

A reason for increasing the dose of carbamazepine in a newly diagnosed patient with a seizure disorder is:

the patient experiences drowsiness

Which of the following are basic considerations that would apply to ALL antidepressants?

Potential for side effects, risk of drug interactions, and need for monitoring response

Only used for anxiety disorders, no side effects, and no monitoring needed

Can be stopped abruptly, no risk of interactions, and always effective

Only prescribed to children, no risk of overdose, and no follow-up required

Two side effects that may occur if a patient abruptly stops taking their antidepressant are:

Withdrawal symptoms and relapse of depression

Increased appetite and better concentration

Lower blood pressure and increased energy

Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline can cause which of the following pairs of anticholinergic symptoms?

Increased salivation and sweating

How do SSRI meds work in the body?

Blocks the reuptake of serotonin

What are the signs & symptoms of serotonin syndrome? List any two symptoms of serotonin syndrome.

Confusion, anxiety, restlessness, hypertension, tremors

Bradycardia, hypothermia, dry skin, constipation

Tremors, weight loss, alopecia, joint pain, blurred vision

Jaundice, hematuria, petechiae, cyanosis

What are some types of medications or substances that can increase serotonin levels and risk serotonin syndrome?

SNRIs, migraine meds, opioids, illicit drugs

Beta blockers, antacids, NSAIDs, antihistamines

Calcium channel blockers, statins, insulin, diuretics

Antibiotics, antimalarials, proton pump inhibitors, antihypertensives

What specific foods should the patient avoid when taking MAOI medications?

Aged cheese, cream, yogurt, bananas, raisins, coffee, chocolate, Italian green beans, liver, sausage, soy sauce, beer, red wine.

Aged cheese, fresh fruits, grilled chicken, steamed vegetables, white rice, mineral water.

Aged cheese, whole grain bread, baked potatoes, plain pasta, green tea, apple juice.

Aged cheese, low-fat milk, poached eggs, boiled carrots, orange juice, herbal tea.

If the patient would ingest tyramine rich foods while on MAOI medications, what will happen in the body and what would be a priority for the nurse to assess?

Ingestion of these foods while on MAOI medications can cause hypertensive crisis; the nurse should prioritize assessing blood pressure.

Ingestion of these foods while on MAOI medications can cause hypoglycemia; the nurse should prioritize assessing blood glucose levels.

Ingestion of these foods while on MAOI medications can cause dehydration; the nurse should prioritize assessing fluid balance.

Ingestion of these foods while on MAOI medications can cause respiratory depression; the nurse should prioritize assessing respiratory rate.

What are the common side effects for the 1st generation antipsychotics?

Sedation, seizures, sexual dysfunction, hypotension, anticholinergic effects, CNS depression and EPS, OD in rare cases.

Weight gain, hyperglycemia, and increased risk of diabetes only.

Sedation, seizures, sexual dysfunction, hypotension, anticholinergic effects, CNS depression and EPS, very easy to OD.

Primarily gastrointestinal upset and rash, rarely any CNS effects.

NSG 308 Exam Study Guide - Exam #2

Authored by Ben Alter

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 5 pts

What are the normal parameters for temperature, pulse, respirations, BP, and pulse ox for an adult patient?

Pulse: 2+, 60-100 bpm; RR: 12-20; SBP: 130-90; DBP: 90-50; SpO2: 90-100%; Temp: 36.1-37.7°C (97-99.9°F)

Pulse: 3+, 40-60 bpm; RR: 8-16; SBP: 100-60; DBP: 60-30; SpO2: 80-90%; Temp: 35.0-36.0°C (95-96.8°F)

Pulse: 1+, 100-120 bpm; RR: 20-30; SBP: 150-110; DBP: 100-70; SpO2: 85-95%; Temp: 38.0-39.0°C (100.4-102.2°F)

Pulse: 2+, 50-70 bpm; RR: 10-18; SBP: 120-80; DBP: 80-40; SpO2: 88-98%; Temp: 37.8-39.0°C (100-102.2°F)

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

Entacapone

Selegiline

Bromocriptine

Amantadine

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NSG 308 Exam Study Guide - Exam #2

What are the normal parameters for temperature, pulse, respirations, BP, and pulse ox for an adult patient?

What would be the priority assessments and nursing actions if a patient's vital signs are abnormal?

The problem in the body that causes Parkinson’s disease is:

The type of meds used to treat Parkinson’s and how these meds work in the body to treat this condition is:

Which of the following is a COMT inhibitor used in the treatment of Parkinsonism?

Selegiline and Rasagiline are examples of which class of drugs used in Parkinsonism?

Which drug increases the half-life of dopamine by inhibiting metabolism of L-dopa in the periphery?

MAO-B inhibitors may reduce the OFF phenomenon in Parkinsonism.

Which of the following is NOT an anticholinergic used in Parkinsonism?

Fill in the blank: Anticholinergics block the effects of in the brain, decreasing symptoms and evening out imbalance of and dopamine.

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NSG 308 Exam Study Guide - Exam #2

What are the normal parameters for temperature, pulse, respirations, BP, and pulse ox for an adult patient?

What would be the priority assessments and nursing actions if a patient's vital signs are abnormal?

The problem in the body that causes Parkinson’s disease is:

The type of meds used to treat Parkinson’s and how these meds work in the body to treat this condition is:

Which of the following is a COMT inhibitor used in the treatment of Parkinsonism?

Selegiline and Rasagiline are examples of which class of drugs used in Parkinsonism?

Which drug increases the half-life of dopamine by inhibiting metabolism of L-dopa in the periphery?

MAO-B inhibitors may reduce the OFF phenomenon in Parkinsonism.

Which of the following is NOT an anticholinergic used in Parkinsonism?

Fill in the blank: Anticholinergics block the effects of ____ in the brain, decreasing symptoms and evening out imbalance of ____ and dopamine.

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

Similar Resources on Wayground

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Fill in the blank: Anticholinergics block the effects of in the brain, decreasing symptoms and evening out imbalance of and dopamine.