Juli - M 18 Anestesi diLuar Kamar Operasi - dr. Paramita

1. Which of the following is the most common cause of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)?

• A. Pulmonary embolism
• B. Aortic aneurysm
• C. Malignancy, particularly lung cancer
• D. Heart failure

2. What is the primary goal of treatment for patients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)?

• A. To relieve symptoms and reduce venous congestion
• B. To prevent further progression of heart failure
• C. To decrease the risk of pulmonary embolism
• D. To reduce systemic blood pressure and fluid retention

3. In a patient with traumatic thoracic injury requiring emergency surgery, which of the following is the most important consideration when choosing an anesthesia technique?

• A. Ensuring rapid induction to minimize sympathetic response
• B. Prioritizing deep general anesthesia to prevent awareness
• C. Achieving one-lung ventilation to minimize pulmonary complications
• D. Minimizing fluid resuscitation to avoid aggravating bleeding

4. What is the most critical step in the anesthetic management of a patient with a suspected tension pneumothorax undergoing emergency thoracic surgery?

• A. Administering high-dose opioids to control pain
• B. Performing needle decompression before induction of anesthesia
• C. Using muscle relaxants to facilitate intubation
• D. Delaying surgery until imaging confirms the diagnosis

5. Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of one-lung ventilation (OLV)?

• A. Patient with a history of asthma
• B. Patient with unilateral lung disease
• C. Patient with severe pulmonary hypertension
• D. Patient undergoing lung resection surgery

6. Which of the following is a complication associated with one-lung ventilation (OLV)?

• A. Hypocarbia due to hyperventilation of the ventilated lung
• B. Right-to-left shunting leading to hypoxemia
• C. Hypercapnia from inadequate ventilation of the collapsed lung
• D. Increased risk of aspiration due to tracheal intubation

7. Which of the following is the most common type of mediastinal mass in adults?

• A. Thymoma
• B. Neurogenic tumor
• C. Lymphoma
• D. Germ cell tumor

8. What is the most significant complication associated with a large anterior mediastinal mass?

• A. Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)
• B. Pulmonary embolism
• C. Cardiac tamponade
• D. Spinal cord compression

9. In a patient with a large pulmonary tumor causing significant atelectasis, which of the following is the most likely mechanism leading to impaired gas exchange?

• A. Decreased alveolar ventilation due to airway obstruction
• B. Increased dead space ventilation
• C. Pulmonary vasoconstriction due to hypoxemia
• D. Reduced surfactant production leading to alveolar collapse

10. Which of the following is a common complication of atelectasis in patients with pulmonary trauma or tumor, contributing to gas exchange abnormalities?

• A. Hypocapnia due to hyperventilation
• B. V/Q mismatch leading to hypoxemia
• C. Increased oxygen diffusion capacity
• D. Systemic vasodilation and hypotension