Upper GI Quiz

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has acute gastritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

• Limit drinking milk.

• Take NSAIDs for pain.

• Consume a glucose-electrolyte solution.

• Treat nausea with ginkgo biloba.

Answer explanation

: The nurse should reinforce that hydration and electrolyte balance are important considerations for the client who has gastritis. Sipping a glucose-electrolyte solution, even if the client is nauseated, is usually tolerated and can prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalances caused by anorexia and vomiting associated with gastritis.

A nurse is caring for a client who has gastroesophageal disease and a prescription for metoclopramide. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

• Hypertension

• Blurred vision

• Urinary retention

• Sedation

Answer explanation

Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client for sedation, which is a common adverse effect of metoclopramide

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking omeprazole for the past 4 weeks. The nurse determines that the medication is effective when the client reports relief from which of the following symptoms?

• Diarrhea

• Heartburn

• Headache

• Acid Indigeston

Answer explanation

Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, reduces gastric acid secretion and treats duodenal and gastric ulcers, prolonged dyspepsia, gastrointestinal reflux disease, and erosive esophagitis.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

• I will avoid eating after supper.

• I can drink coffee throughout the day.

• I drink milk when I get heartburn.

• I should not eat foods made with chocolate.

Answer explanation

"I can drink coffee throughout the day." Rationale:A client who has gastroesophageal reflux should not consume regular or decaffeinated beverages because they can irritate the esophageal mucosa.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a duodenal ulcer and a new prescription for sucralfate. The client asks the nurse how sucralfate works. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• This medication prevents gastric acid secretion in the stomach.

• This medication neutralizes gastric acid after it is secreted.

• "This medication kills the bacteria which cause ulcers."

• "This medication adheres to the ulcer and protects it from gastric acid."

Answer explanation

Rationale:Sucralfate creates a protective coating over the ulcer that lasts about 6 hrs.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?

• Urine output of 50 mL in 2 hr

• BUN 21 mg/dL

• Positive fecal occult blood test

• 75 mL coffee ground emesis

Answer explanation

: The greatest risk to the client is complications related to hypovolemia from the GI bleed. The nurse should notify the provider of urine output less than 30 mL/hr. This may indicate poor blood flow to the kidneys, possibly resulting from hypovolemia. If left untreated, this can cause acute kidney injury (AKI).