What is the significance of a problem statement in research?

It guides the research objectives

It defines the research methodology

It summarizes the literature review

It presents the research findings

What is the role of literature review in research?

To justify the research problem

What should researchers do before data collection?

Plan and develop research instruments

What is the importance of ensuring high validity and reliability in research instruments?

To provide accurate data for analysis

To enhance respondent engagement

What should researchers do to maintain ethical standards in research?

Protect the privacy of subjects

Which one is not true about identifying a research problem?

The research problem should be based on a broad, general topic with no need to narrow it.

The researcher must provide justification for the importance of studying the problem.

The research problem should be narrowed to a logical question or specific hypothesis.

D. A research problem often arises from personal experience or observation of an issue.

Which one is not true about conducting a literature review?

It can begin once the data collection process has been completed.

It involves reviewing relevant theories, models, concepts, and previous studies.

It helps justify the problem and supports the need for research.

It should ensure balanced focus when two or more variables are studied.

Which one is not true about determining research objectives?

Objectives are not related to the research questions or hypotheses.

Objectives are formed after the problem is clearly identified.

Research objectives should reflect the specific variables being studied.

In qualitative research, objectives guide exploration of a phenomenon.

Which one is not true about data collection and analysis in research?

It is acceptable to use unreliable instruments as long as data is collected.

Data collection must be well planned and follow approved procedures.

Researchers must protect the confidentiality of respondents.

The choice of data analysis methods depends on the type of data collected.

Which of the following statements is not part of presenting evidence that a problem exists in a problem statement?

The problem can be entirely based on the researcher's personal opinion.

Evidence should come from empirical data in previous studies.

The problem should be supported by literature or practical experience.

The issue should reflect actual concerns or needs within the educational field.

Which one is not true about the ethical principles stated in the APA Code of Ethics for researchers?

It is acceptable for researchers to manipulate data to strengthen their hypothesis.

Researchers must maintain objectivity and present their findings honestly.

Researchers should respect respondents' dignity and maintain confidentiality.

Researchers should not accept sponsorships that create a conflict of interest.

Which one is the objective based on qualitative approach?

The purpose of this study was to explore the views of parents on internet communication between teachers and parents about their students in Hulu Langat district secondary schools.

... study the relationship of internet communication use between teachers and parents in Hulu Langat district secondary schools with students' test achievement in secondary school social studies.

... studying the effects of constructivist approaches in the teaching of science..

Which one is not a required feature of a good research question?

It must include complex and technical terms to sound academically impressive.

It must be feasible, meaning it can be studied without excessive time, energy, or cost.

It must be ethical, avoiding harm to people, society, or the environment.

It must be significant and contribute meaningfully to existing knowledge.

Which one is not true about a hypothesis in research?

Hypotheses are usually formed after data collection in quantitative research.

A hypothesis predicts the relationship or differences between variables in a study.

A hypothesis is commonly used in quantitative studies.

A hypothesis serves as a tentative explanation or prediction based on literature.

Which one is not true about the criteria for shaping a hypothesis, according to Borg and Gall (1989)?

Hypotheses must be tested using only qualitative observations and interpretations.

A hypothesis should describe the expected relationship between two or more variables.

Hypotheses should be supported by solid reasoning, evidence, or previous studies.

Hypotheses should be written simply, clearly, and understandably.

Which one is not a purpose of building a study hypothesis?

To ensure that research interviews remain open-ended and exploratory.

To make temporary predictions about a phenomenon based on reviewed literature.

To guide the planning of design, procedures, instrumentation, and sampling.

To provide a framework for analyzing findings and drawing conclusions.

Which one is not a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

It must contradict existing theories to ensure new findings are produced.

It must be specific, measurable, and clearly express the relationship between variables.

It must be logically structured and based on rational explanations.

It must be testable and supported or rejected through data analysis.

Which one is not an example of a null hypothesis (Ho)?

Ho: Male students score significantly higher than female students in engineering technology subjects.

Ho: There is no significant difference in test scores between male and female students for the Mathematics achievement test.

Ho: There is no difference in job satisfaction between primary school male teachers and primary school female teachers.

Ho: There is no difference in achievement in technology engineering subjects between male and female students in SM Sri Indah.

Which one is not an example of a non-directed alternative hypothesis?

Ha: There is a positive correlation between grades in English and Mathematics subjects.

Ha: There is a difference in mathematics test achievement scores between male and female students.

Ha: There is a difference in job satisfaction between male and female teachers.

Ha: Mathematics mastery performance among female students is different from male students.

Which one is not true about the conceptual framework of a study?

It must exactly replicate the framework used in previous studies without any modifications.

It shows the relationships between variables in a visual diagram or model.

It includes the researcher's interpretation and direction of the study.

It includes a description and discussion of all variables involved in the research.

Which one is not a purpose of conducting a literature review in research?

To ensure that your research will exactly replicate previous studies without any changes.

To identify the gaps or limitations in past research that can shape the focus of your study.

To understand how similar problems have been solved and to guide methodological choices.

To compare theories, models, and perspectives relevant to your topic of study.

Which one is not a relevant question to ask when identifying gaps in the literature?

How can I ensure my study completely avoids all previously researched topics?

What are the strengths and weaknesses in the debates within this field of study?

What evidence or questions remain unanswered or inconclusive?

What new or different contributions will my research add to this topic?

Which one is not a recommended step when planning your own literature review?

Avoid using the names of key experts in your field to prevent bias in literature selection.

Identify an appropriate topic based on the research problem and relevant variables.

Determine who the important scholars are to easily locate their publications and contributions.

Explore key theories, current issues, and commonly studied variables in your field.

Which one is not a suitable way to organize a literature review?

Alphabetically, based on the authors’ last names in every paragraph of the review.

Chronologically, based on the publication year of sources.

Thematically, according to variables or key constructs in your study.

Based on study trends or research approaches such as quantitative or qualitative.

Which example shows that your voice as a researcher is most dominant?

The moon is made of cheese (Brie 1999).

Brie (1999) argues that the moon is made of cheese.

As Brie (1999) points out, the moon is made of cheese.

According to Brie (1999), the moon is made of cheese. However, ....

Which one is not a reason to use quantitative research methods?

To explore personal experiences and perspectives in-depth through open-ended interviews.

To measure variables such as interest and achievement using numerical data.

To assess the impact of one variable on another using statistical tests like regression.

To test theories or general explanations through inferential statistical analysis.

Which one is not a key element in experimental research?

Experimental studies avoid comparing groups to prevent bias.

Researchers have control over variables such as sample selection and treatment conditions.

Disruptive (extraneous) variables may affect the dependent variable during treatment.

Independent variables include both treatment and control variables.

Which one is not a feature of a good research instrument?

The instrument includes complex, multi-layered questions to gather deeper insight.

The instrument uses simple and clear language appropriate to the respondent's level.

The questions are short, straightforward, and focused on a single purpose.

The questions avoid vague or difficult wording that could confuse respondents.

Which one is not a feature of good interview questions?

Interviews should be conducted for as long as possible to gather extensive information.

Questions should use language appropriate to the respondent’s level.

The interview should follow a structured flow, avoiding unnecessary repetition.

The interview should be kept within a reasonable time frame to maintain respondent focus and comfort.

Which one is not a favorable situation for using a mixed methods approach?

To ensure only one type of data (either quantitative or qualitative) is collected for simplicity.

To compare and cross-validate results from both quantitative and qualitative research.

To explore a phenomenon qualitatively and then generalize findings through quantitative methods.

To develop new instruments when existing ones are inadequate, using both qualitative and quantitative input

Which one is not a characteristic of an in-depth interview?

It uses large samples to ensure generalizability of findings.

It allows researchers to explore topics in detail and depth.

It records detailed responses, including facial expressions and emotions.

It helps researchers understand the reasons behind respondents’ answers.

Introduction to Research Methods 1

Authored by Azamri Mansor

Social Studies

University

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42 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is research according to Sabitha (2005)?

A process of finding answers to a question

A method of collecting data

A way to compile information

A definitive truth

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which one is NOT the characteristics of research according to Leedy (1993)?

Must begin with a specific research problem

Needs to be towards a clear goal

Must follow a specific plan

Needs to begin with data collection and analysis

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which one is NOT the purpose of conducting educational research?

To study and solve issues in education

To ensure research validity and reliability

To improve educational practices

To provide recommendations to policymakers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the first step in conducting research?

Identifying research problems

Collecting data

Analyzing data

Drawing conclusions

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which one is NOT the skill that researchers need to have in conducting research?

Problem-solving skills

Analytical skills

Communication skills

Public speaking skills

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the purpose of ethics in conducting research?

To protect the subject from discomfort

To ensure data accuracy

To enhance research quality

To comply with legal standards

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What should researchers ensure regarding the information obtained?

It is relevant and appropriate

It is easily accessible

It is comprehensive

It is cost-effective

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Introduction to Research Methods 1

What is research according to Sabitha (2005)?

Which one is NOT the characteristics of research according to Leedy (1993)?

Which one is NOT the purpose of conducting educational research?

What is the first step in conducting research?

Which one is NOT the skill that researchers need to have in conducting research?

What is the purpose of ethics in conducting research?

What should researchers ensure regarding the information obtained?

What is the significance of a problem statement in research?

What skill is necessary for discussing and comparing research findings?

What is the role of literature review in research?

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