Which of the following best describes the 'Active' state of a scanner?

C. The scanner is engaged with a patient, including preparation and scanning

A. The scanner is off and cooling

B. The scanner is acquiring images

D. The scanner is idle but powered

What is the main sustainability benefit of understanding scanner system states?

C. Identifying energy-saving opportunities

D. Enhancing patient throughput

Which of the following is not a recommended energy-saving action in radiology?

D. Increasing idle time to maintain readiness

A. Turning off scanners during nights and weekends

B. Using dashboards to monitor system activity

C. Choosing imaging modalities based on clinical need and energy impact

Under what condition is it acceptable to share a service user’s confidential information without their consent?

B. To prevent harm to the public or a third party

A. When the service user is not present

C. When the information is already known to family members

D. If the service user has not explicitly refused

After a service user’s death, how should their information be treated?

C. It must still be treated as confidential

A. It can be shared freely with family

B. It is no longer considered confidential

D. It must be deleted immediately

Which of the following is not a requirement for accurate record-keeping?

B. Records must be completed within 48 hours

A. Records must be legible and identifiable

C. Records must be dated and timed

D. Records must be stored according to data protection legislation

Who is considered a data subject under the GDPR?

C. The individual to whom the personal data relates

A. The person processing the data

Which of the following is an example of special category personal data?

C. A person’s racial or ethnic origin

What must a controller do if they intend to process data for a new purpose?

B. Inform the data subject before processing begins

Which of the following is not a legal right under the FOI Act 2014?

B. The right to delete all personal data

A. The right to access official records

C. The right to have personal information corrected

D. The right to be given reasons for decisions

Which of the following factors does not significantly influence the interaction of X-rays with matter?

D. The temperature of the material

A. The atomic number (Z) of the material

C. The energy of the incoming photons

What is the fundamental difference between X-rays and gamma rays?

C. X-rays originate from electron interactions, while gamma rays originate from nuclear processes

A. X-rays have higher energy than gamma rays.

B. X-rays are produced by nuclear decay, while gamma rays are produced by electron transitions.

D. X-rays are non-ionising, while gamma rays are ionising.

Which of the following statements about electromagnetic radiation is false?

D. X-rays and gamma rays are typically classified based on their energy.

A. Lower-energy electromagnetic radiation, such as visible light, infrared, and microwaves, does not cause ionisation.

B. High-energy ultraviolet (UV) radiation with wavelengths slightly greater than 10 nm (energies slightly less than 100 eV) can be ionising under certain conditions.

C. X-rays and gamma rays have sufficient energy to ionise biological molecules through interactions with tissue.

Which of the following statements about Rayleigh (coherent) scattering is False?

B. It contributes significantly to patient dose in diagnostic radiography.

A. It involves the absorption and re-emission of a photon without ionisation.

C. It occurs predominantly at low photon energies and small angles.

D. It forms the basis for X-ray diffraction techniques.

Which of the following is true regarding Compton scattering?

C. It is the dominant interaction at intermediate to high diagnostic energies.

A. It is highly dependent on atomic number (Z)

B. It results in complete absorption of the incident photon.

D. It does not cause ionisation.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

C. The sum of all tissue weighting factors (wT) is greater than 1 to account for overlapping organ exposure.

A. The radiation weighting factor (wR) accounts for the biological effectiveness of different types of ionizing radiation.

B. The tissue weighting factor (wT) reflects the relative contribution of each organ to the overall stochastic risk.

D. The equivalent dose is calculated using wR, while the effective dose is calculated using both wR and wT.

Regarding AI Model Development and Bias, which of the following statements is false?

B. In the validation phase, the model is tested on data it has already seen during training to fine-tune hyperparameters.

A. In the training phase, the model is fed a large number of labeled examples (e.g., X-rays labeled as “Normal,” “Fracture”).

C. In the testing phase, the model is evaluated on a completely separate test set that was not used during training or validation.

D. Bias refers to systematic errors in the model’s predictions due to imbalanced or unrepresentative training data, including data, labeling, and algorithmic bias.

Which of the following statements about the potential of AI in supporting justification in medical imaging is false?

C. AI is a binary system, providing decisions and outputs that are directly usable form.

A. AI systems can analyze referral texts using natural language processing to flag potentially unjustified examinations.

B. AI can support clinical decision-making even before radiology is involved by delivering real-time guidelines and assessing the necessity of imaging.

D. AI tools can help reduce unnecessary radiation exposure, streamline workflow, and support consistent auditing in radiology departments.

Which of the following statements about the radiographer’s role in labeling and its relevance to AI is false?

C. AI systems can fully replace radiographers in labeling tasks, eliminating the need for human validation or feedback.

A. Labeling includes assigning metadata such as body part, view/projection, and laterality, as well as identifying artifacts like motion blur or incorrect positioning.

B. Radiographer-generated labels are essential for training supervised AI models and serve as ground truth for teaching AI to recognize anatomy and detect artifacts.

D. Human-in-the-loop workflows allow radiographers to validate or correct AI generated labels, creating a feedback loop that improves model performance over time.

What should a radiographer do when a dose alert is triggered?

C. Assess the cause, document the event, and report if necessary

A. Ignore it if the image quality is acceptable

Why is accurate labelling of images important in relation to DRLs?

B. It ensures traceability of dose data for audits and AI tools

C. It helps reduce radiation dose

D. It allows radiographers to skip documentation

What is the role of radiographers in “human-in-the-loop” workflows?

C. To validate AI outputs and ensure clinical judgment is maintained

A. To automate all imaging decisions

B. To override AI systems without review

D. To eliminate the need for dose monitoring

How does AI-based scan range selection contribute to dose optimisation in CT imaging?

C. It identifies anatomical landmarks on scout images to define optimal scan boundaries, reducing unnecessary radiation exposure.

A. It increases scan coverage to ensure no anatomy is missed, even if it results in over-scanning

B. It replaces the need for scout images by using preset scan ranges for all patients.

D. It standardises scan ranges across all patients regardless of body habitus or clinical indication.

Which of the following are consequences of increasing the number of layers in a deep learning model for medical image analysis (e.g., CT scans)

B. More computational power is required

Which neural network architecture includes a Generator for creating realistic synthetic data and a Discriminator for distinguishing between real and synthetic ("fake") data?

D. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)

A. Convolutional Neural Network

C. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)

quiz 2

Authored by Roise Sylvia Murray

Biology

University

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33 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the name of the universal image viewer integrated into NIMIS?

A. Radiology Viewer Pro

B. Change Healthcare Enterprise Viewer (CHEV)

C. PACS Viewer Elite

D. HSE Imaging Console

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is a key challenge faced by RIS/PACS Clinical Specialists?

A. Lack of access to imaging data

B. Managing conflicting demands and reactive workflows

C. Performing patient scans

D. Limited interaction with IT systems

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is an opportunity associated with the RIS/PACS Clinical Specialist role?

A. Direct patient care

B. Reduced system responsibility

C. Contribution to digital healthcare transformation

D. Limited autonomy

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which system state is the most energy-intensive during scanner operation?

A. Idle

B. Active

C. Net Scan

D. System Off

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the main reason CT scanners waste energy during idle time?

A. They perform background calibration scans

B. They maintain image quality settings for post-processing

C. They remain powered on and ready to scan without producing images

D. They run continuous cooling cycles for PET detectors

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which modality is generally considered energy-efficient but may not have standby mode enabled by default?

A. Angiography

B. Ultrasound

C. PET-CT

D. CT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is a recommended strategy for reducing indirect energy consumption in imaging rooms?

A. Lowering scan resolution

B. Increasing scanner idle time

C. Raising supply temperatures slightly in cooling systems

D. Using PACS viewers during scanning

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quiz 2

What is the name of the universal image viewer integrated into NIMIS?

What is a key challenge faced by RIS/PACS Clinical Specialists?

Which of the following is an opportunity associated with the RIS/PACS Clinical Specialist role?

Which system state is the most energy-intensive during scanner operation?

What is the main reason CT scanners waste energy during idle time?

Which modality is generally considered energy-efficient but may not have standby mode enabled by default?

What is a recommended strategy for reducing indirect energy consumption in imaging rooms?

Which of the following best describes the 'Active' state of a scanner?

Which of the following tools is not used to analyze energy consumption in radiology?

What is the main sustainability benefit of understanding scanner system states?

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