NUTRIENTS

Which of the following are classified as 'Energy Yielding Nutrients'?

• Fiber, Water, and Vitamins

• Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats

• Amino Acids, Glucose, and Triglycerides

• Vitamins, Minerals, and Water

Answer explanation

Energy yielding nutrients are those that provide calories. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the primary sources of energy for the body, while fiber, water, vitamins, and minerals do not provide energy.

What happens if energy intake exceeds energy expenditure?

• The body primarily uses up fat stores, leading to weight loss.

• The body maintains a stable body weight.

• The excess energy is converted to body fat, resulting in weight gain.

• Protein intake must be raised to compensate.

Answer explanation

When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the body converts the excess energy into body fat, leading to weight gain. This is the primary response to surplus energy, making it the correct choice.

Carbohydrates must be reduced to their simplest form before the body can utilize them for fuel. What is this simplest form?

• Sucrose

• Starch

• Lactose

• Glucose

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates are broken down into simpler sugars for energy. The simplest form is glucose, which the body can directly use for fuel, unlike sucrose, starch, or lactose, which need further digestion.

Which of the following is NOT a classification of carbohydrates?

• Disaccharide

• Monosaccharide

• Polysaccharide

• Oligosaccharide

Answer explanation

Oligosaccharide is not a standard classification of carbohydrates. The main classifications are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, which refer to the number of sugar units in the molecule.

What is the primary function of protein in the body?

• Storage of excess energy in the form of body fat.

• Reabsorption of salts and water in the large intestine.

• Production, maintenance, and repair of tissues.

• To provide the primary source of energy for the brain.

Answer explanation

The primary function of protein in the body is the production, maintenance, and repair of tissues. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, proteins are essential for building and repairing cells, making them crucial for overall health.

What are the building blocks of protein?

• Amino acids

• Simple sugars

• Fatty acids

• Triglycerides

Answer explanation

The building blocks of protein are amino acids. They link together in various sequences to form proteins, which are essential for many biological functions.

True or False: Saturated fatty acids are generally known to lower blood cholesterol levels.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

False. Saturated fatty acids are known to raise blood cholesterol levels, particularly LDL cholesterol, which can increase the risk of heart disease.

What is the recommended maximum percentage of total fat intake for your energy intake?

• Exactly 40%

• At least 55%

• Less than 10%

• No more than 30%

Answer explanation

The recommended maximum percentage of total fat intake for energy is no more than 30%. This guideline helps maintain a balanced diet and supports overall health.

What is the main difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?

• Soluble fiber forms a gel and helps lower cholesterol, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool.

• Insoluble fiber provides energy, while soluble fiber does not.

• Soluble fiber adds bulk to stool, while insoluble fiber lowers cholesterol.

• Soluble fiber is found in whole grains, and insoluble fiber is found in fruits.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that soluble fiber forms a gel and helps lower cholesterol, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool. This distinction is key to understanding their different roles in digestion.

What is the primary energy source for the brain and nervous system?

• Glucose

• Proteins

• Amino acids

• Fats

Answer explanation

The brain and nervous system primarily use glucose as their energy source. Unlike other organs, they rely almost exclusively on glucose for metabolism, making it essential for their proper functioning.