Mader Exam 5: Chapters 12-14

Which of the following statements applies to the semiconservative nature of DNA replication?

• The old strands serve as a template for the new strand.

• The new strand serves as a template for the old strand.

• The old strand is pulled apart and reformed into the new strand.

• None of these statements apply to the semiconservative nature of DNA replication.

Which of the following situations would be considered an example of positive regulation of gene expression in a prokaryote?

• The repressor protein activating the lac operon when glucose is absent and lactose is present.

• The repressor protein activating the lac operon when lactose is absent and glucose is present.

• The CAP protein activating the lac operon when lactose is absent and glucose is present.

• The CAP protein activating the lac operon when glucose is absent and lactose is present.

Which of the following is NOT a problem that can arise during posttranscriptional control?

• excising an exon from the pre-mRNA strand

• incomplete excising of all introns from the pre-mRNA strand, leaving fragments to be joined with the exons

• excising non-coding regions of DNA

• differential splicing of exons that can lead to an altered gene expression

Which of the following series of events is associated with the formation of cancer?

• The proto-oncogenes mutate and become oncogenes which are continuously active. There is also an associated loss of tumor suppressor gene activity allowing uncontrolled growth of cells.

• The proto-oncogenes mutate and become oncogenes which stop functioning altogether. There is also an associated increase in the tumor suppressor gene activity allowing uncontrolled growth of cells.

• The oncogenes mutate and become proto-oncogenes which are continuously active. There is also an associated loss of tumor suppressor gene activity allowing uncontrolled growth of cells.

• The oncogenes mutate and become proto-oncogenes which stop functioning altogether. There is also an associated increase in the tumor suppressor gene activity allowing uncontrolled growth of cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a disorder characterized by early-onset retinal dystrophy which causes severe visual impairment beginning in infancy. The most common cause of the disorder is a mutated intron located in gene CEP290. Targeted deletion of the mutated intron shows promise as a treatment for LCA. The treatment of LCA is an example of the application of which of the following types of biotechnology?

• genome editing

• PCR

• microarrays

• recombinant DNA technology

• cloning

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is NOT correct?

• The process is known as semiconservative replication because one old strand is conserved in the new molecule.

• Complementary base pairs are held together with hydrogen bonds.

• Unwinding of the DNA molecule occurs as hydrogen bonds break.

• The enzyme that catalyzes DNA replication is DNA polymerase.

• Replication occurs as each base is paired with another exactly like it.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the debate over the nature of genetic material?

• Scientists focused on carbohydrate and protein in their studies of possible genetic material since they knew that genes were on chromosomes and that chromosomes were made of carbohydrate and protein.

• Many scientists thought that proteins had a greater capacity for storing information because proteins contain 20 amino acids that could be sequenced differently.

• Many scientists believed that DNA was not the genetic material because, with only four types of nucleotides, DNA did not have enough variability to store information.

• Some scientists thought that RNA was likely to be the genetic material.

One of Chargaff's rules states that

• A = T + G + C.

• A = T and G = C.

• A = G and T = C.

• A = C and T = G.

When a bacterium is introduced to a new environment with plenty of nutritional resources, binary fission will allow for rapid growth of the population (2-4-8-16-32-64 . . . etc.). However, there is usually a slight lag before the rapid growth begins. What is the best explanation for this lag period?

• It takes time for bacterial cells to duplicate enough organelles to digest new media.

• It takes time to induce and amplify the production of the enzymes needed for binary fission.

• The new media contains compounds that turn on repressor proteins.

• Structural genes act more slowly than metabolic genes.

• Binary fission becomes more and more efficient after each cell division.

All of the following are associated with translation except:

• Production of mRNA.

• Liberation of polypeptide from the ribosome.

• Binding of two tRNA molecules per ribosome.

• Growth of a polypeptide chain.

• Attachment of a ribosome to mRNA.