Process Concept

Which of the following best describes a process?

• A passive set of binary code stored on disk

• An active entity comprising program code plus its current execution state

• A collection of files and libraries required by an application

• A scheduling algorithm used by the operating system

Which section of a process contains function call information and local variables?

• Text section

• Data section

• Stack

• Heap

The dynamic memory allocated to a process at runtime resides in which area?

• Text section

• Data section

• Stack

• Heap

Which of the following is not typically stored in a process’s Process Control Block (PCB)?

• Process identifier (PID)

• Program counter value

• Contents of the heap

• List of open file descriptors

In a multiprogramming operating system, a process that is loaded into memory and waiting to be assigned the CPU is in which state?

• New

• Ready

• Running

• Waiting

What is the name of the operation that saves the state of the currently running process and loads the state of another process?

• Process creation

• Context switch

• Deadlock resolution

• Memory paging

When a running process issues an I/O request and cannot proceed until it completes, its state transitions to:

• Ready

• Running

• Waiting (or Blocked)

• Terminated

The program counter and CPU register values belong to which part of a process’s structure?

• Text section

• Data section

• File descriptor table

• Execution context

What is the role of the program counter in a process?

• Points to the next instruction to execute

• Stores global variables

• Manages memory allocation

• Tracks open files

Which of the following is NOT part of a Process Control Block (PCB)?

• Program counter

• CPU registers

• Source code

• I/O status