AEC 8/19

Which of the following best explains why dense breast tissue leads to higher false negative rates in 2D digital mammography?

• Dense tissue absorbs more radiation, increasing patient dose

• Dense tissue masks underlying lesions, reducing lesion conspicuity

• Dense tissue increases scatter, leading to higher false positives

• Dense tissue prevents microcalcification detection entirely

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) improves detection of breast cancer compared with standard 2D mammography primarily because it:

• Uses higher energy X-rays to penetrate dense tissue

• Eliminates the need for small focal spot size in imaging

• Requires contrast injection to highlight suspicious lesions

• Produces 3D reconstructed images, reducing tissue overlap

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

A cyst on B-mode ultrasound typically shows which posterior feature?

• Acoustic Shadowing

• Posterior Enhancement

• No posterior effect

• Mixed

What is fluid on ultrasound?

• Hyperechoic

• Anechoic

• Hypoechoic

• Isoechoic

Which of the following is the correct order in which gamma rays passes through the layers/camera of a SPECT machine?​

• Photomultipliers-> Detector-> Collimator-> Camera

• Detector-> Photomultipliers-> Collimator->Camera

• Collimator->Detector-> Photomultipliers-> Camera​

• Camera-> photomultipliers-> Detector-> Collimator​

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

Which of the following answer choices would improve the contrast of the SPECT image?

• Narrowing energy window around photopeak​

• Widening energy window around photopeak​

• Increase the number of collimator holes​

• Increase the thickness of the collimator

It is the height of the Covid-19 pandemic and ventilators are in short supply. Two hospitals are in need of them. The first is in a wealthy neighborhood with a modest amount of patients but is able to pay top dollar for ventilators. The second is in a less-wealthy neighborhood with a high patient volume but has less funds to pay for the ventilators. If you were to give the ventilators to the second hospital because of their higher patient volume, what ethical principle would your decision be based on?​

• Beneficence

• Justice​

• Deontology​

• Utilitarianism

Tags

NGSS.HS-ETS1-1

NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

A physician refuses to falsify a medical record for an insurance claim, even though doing so would help the patient get coverage. This reasoning is an example of:

• Utilitarianism

• Consequentialism

• Deontology

• Beneficience

What type of necrosis occurs in the brain?

• Liquefactive

• Gangrenous

• Coagulative

• Caseous

What kind of cellular adaptation can be reversed if the stimulus is removed?

• Hyperplasia

• Atrophy

• Metaplasia

• Hypertrophy