Year 11 Legal Studies – end of year recap

The three principles of justice are: distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Define each.

• Distributive justice concerns fair allocation of resources, procedural justice involves fair processes, and interactional justice relates to respectful treatment.

• Distributive justice is about legal rights, procedural justice is about punishment, and interactional justice is about economic equality.

• Distributive justice is about voting rights, procedural justice is about jury selection, and interactional justice is about communication skills.

• Distributive justice is about environmental protection, procedural justice is about government structure, and interactional justice is about social media use.

Fairness and equality are different because:

• Fairness considers individual needs, while equality treats everyone the same.

• Fairness and equality always mean the same thing.

• Equality considers individual needs, while fairness treats everyone the same.

• Fairness ignores individual needs, while equality addresses them.

An example of access to justice in the Victorian legal system is:

• Legal Aid providing free legal advice to those who cannot afford it.

• Judges making laws without public input.

• Police refusing to investigate certain crimes.

• Courts only allowing wealthy individuals to have trials.

The term 'rule of law' is defined as:

• The principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced.

• The idea that only government officials must follow the law.

• A system where laws are created by a single ruler and not questioned.

• The belief that laws can be ignored if they are inconvenient.

The presumption of innocence means:

• A person is considered innocent until proven guilty.

• A person is always guilty.

• A person is never tried in court.

• A person is presumed guilty until proven innocent.

The difference between criminal and civil law is:

• Criminal law deals with offenses against the state, while civil law deals with disputes between individuals.

• Criminal law is only about money, while civil law is about punishment.

• Civil law is enforced by the police, while criminal law is not.

• Criminal law and civil law are the same.

The standard of proof in a criminal trial is:

• Preponderance of the evidence

• Clear and convincing evidence

• Beyond a reasonable doubt

• Balance of probabilities

The role of the Victorian Parliament in law-making is to:

• debate and pass legislation for the state of Victoria.

• enforce laws and punish offenders.

• interpret laws and resolve disputes.

• manage local councils and their budgets.

Delegated legislation refers to laws made by authorities other than the legislature. Which of the following is an example of delegated legislation?

• Rules made by a government department under powers given by an Act of Parliament

• A constitutional amendment passed by the legislature

• A Supreme Court judgment interpreting a law

• A bill introduced in the legislature

The difference between parliament and government is:

• Parliament makes laws, while government implements them.

• Parliament enforces laws, while government creates them.

• Parliament is responsible for foreign policy, while government is not.

• Parliament collects taxes, while government spends them.