U.S. Government Unit 2 Test

Which document first established the principle that the king was not above the law?

• Declaration of Independence

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

• Petition of Right

The English Petition of Right (1628) limited the power of the monarch by prohibiting:

• Standing armies in peacetime without Parliament’s approval

• Colonization without consent of the governed

• Freedom of religion in England

• Voting rights for women

The English Bill of Rights influenced the U.S. Constitution by:

• Establishing judicial review

• Guaranteeing the right to bear arms and trial by jury

• Outlawing slavery

• Creating separation of powers

Which philosopher argued that people are naturally selfish and need a strong ruler to maintain order?

• Hobbes

• Locke

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

John Locke’s idea of natural rights included:

• Life, liberty, and property

• Speech, press, and petition

• Arms, assembly, and trial by jury

• Taxation, property, and voting

Montesquieu’s most important contribution to U.S. government was:

• The concept of social contract

• The theory of separation of powers

• The guarantee of natural rights

• The belief in absolute monarchy

Which of the following was a violation of the “rights of Englishmen” that angered colonists?

• Taxation without representation

• Free press

• Trial by jury

• Separation of powers

The Articles of Confederation gave most of the power to:

• The national government

• State governments

• The executive branch

• The judiciary

A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that Congress could not:

• Declare war

• Regulate trade between states

• Make treaties

• Create laws

The Declaration of Independence reflects Locke’s philosophy by declaring that government’s purpose is to:

• Expand military power

• Protect natural rights

• Ensure majority rule always

• Provide free education