Unit 1 Foundations of Government American Government Practice

This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were:

• Limitation of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700's

• Adaptations of the laws of Spanish colonial government in North America

• Adaptations of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire

• Reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment

Which excerpt from the Declaration of Independence describes the Enlightenment idea of natural rights?

• ...all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with...Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

• He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.

• We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations...

• ...whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government...

Read the quotation. "Whenever the government tries to take away the property of the people or to refuse them to slavery, they [government] put themselves into a state of war with the people who are then free from any further obedience." - John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government, 1690 Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence was directly influenced by the quotation?

• "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal .... "

• "... they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness .... "

• "That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed .... "

• "That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it. ... "

Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence most clearly reflects the idea that the people are the source of government?

• . . . that all men are created equal...

• . . . all men are . . . endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights

• . . . deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . .

• . . . governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes

Which portions of the Declaration of Independence were directly influenced by Enlightenment Thinkers and Ideals?

• The statements about natural rights and government by consent

• The list of grievances against the King

• The signatures of the Founding Fathers

• The date of adoption

According to this theory people enter into this when they willingly give up part of their freedoms to the government in exchange for the protection of their natural rights.

• Evolutionary Theory

• Force Theory

• Divine Right Theory

• Social Contract Theory

Federalism is the sharing of powers between national and state governments. While a Separation of Powers

• Splits the government into 3 branches.

• Stops the people from participating in the government.

• Separates the strong from the weak.

• Splits the government into 2 branches.

Which of the following best describes the impact of the codification of law, such as Hammurabi's Code, on early civilizations and the development of government, law, and social order?

• It established written and consistently applied legal rules, creating formal structures for lawmaking, enforcement, and interpretation.

• It reinforced the rule of man by allowing leaders to govern solely by personal decree and divine right.

• It maintained the state of nature, where survival depended on brute force and there were no formal laws.

• It eliminated the need for any form of government or social order.

The ​ (a)   of Independence was an early American document which stated that the American colonies wanted to be ​ (b)   from Great ​ (c)   and the reasons WHY they wanted this ​ (d)  

• Declaration
• free
• Britain
• independence
• Proclamation
• slaves
• Italy
• dependence

Answer explanation

The Declaration of Independence was signed in Philadelphia, PA @ Independence Hall.

Match the following Enlightenment thinker with their contribution to the US Constitution

• Baron de Montesquieu

• "natural rights"

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• the social contract

• John Locke

• freedom of speech

• Voltaire

• separate branches of government