Ch 3 Ecosystems TEST

Free Response Question: To earn full points you must completely explain your answer using academic vocabulary, complete thoughts and complete sentences. Scientists working on small islands in the Pacific Ocean observed that manta rays were more abundant along coastlines covered with native forests than coastlines covered with coconut palms. These coconut palm forests formed when humans disturbed native forests to produce coconut oil. The diagram shows a highly simplified marine food web that connects to the native terrestrial ecosystem through seabirds that nest in native forests and feed on aquatic organisms, such as fish. What could you add to this model to show the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere?

According to the food web, which organism is a primary producer?

• sea bird
• manta ray
• zooplankton
• phytoplankton

Scientists working on small islands in the Pacific Ocean observed that manta rays were more abundant along coastlines covered with native forests than coastlines covered with coconut palms. These coconut palm forests formed when humans disturbed native forests to produce coconut oil. The diagram shows a highly simplified marine food web that connects to the native terrestrial ecosystem through seabirds that nest in native forests and feed on aquatic organisms, such as fish. Which organisms are carrying out both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• terrestrial plants and phytoplankton
• terrestrial plants and zooplankton
• phytoplankton and zooplankton
• zooplankton and manta rays

Year after year, Xavier raises a vegetable garden in the same plot of soil. He observes that the plants grow less abundantly from one year to the next, and they produce fewer vegetables. Which of these processes could help explain Xavier's observations?

• the rate at which soil bacteria perform photosynthesis
• the rate at which soil bacteria perform denitrification
• the rate at which soil bacteria perform nitrogen fixation
• the rate at which soil bacteria perform chemosythesis

Rabbits are members of a community in a meadow. The rabbits eat grasses, clover, as well as roots, seeds, and tree bark. What defines the organisms that share the same trophic level as the rabbits?

• snakes, hawks, and other animals that eat rabbits
• community members that interact with rabbits
• meadow animals that are about the same size as a rabbit
• meadow animals that eat plants and plant products

Juanita is studying the food web of the open ocean. Which step would be most useful for her to follow to identify the primary producers of the food web?

• Look for floating plants, such as water lilies.
• Look for tiny phytoplankton that float on the ocean surface.
• Look for small animal plankton near the ocean surface.
• Look for plants or animals that live along the ocean floor.

Laney is asked to research an organism that performs denitrification. Which strategy is the MOST LIKELY to be successful?

• Look for phytoplankton that perform photosynthesis.
• Look for ocean-dwelling organisms that perform chemosynthesis.
• Look for soil bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates.
• Look for soil bacteria that convert nitrates to nitrogen gas.

In the food chain, which of the pictures is a PRODUCER?

• Chicken
• Ladybug
• Sun
• Plant

Which of the following animals in the food web is a predator of the mouse? 

Select all that apply.

• Lizard
• Grasshopper
• Hawk
• Snake

Which of the following animals in the food web is a APEX predator of the mouse? 

• Lizard
• Grasshopper
• Hawk
• Snake