Antebellum Practice test

Who was John Locke, and how did his ideas influence America?

• He argued kings had unlimited power

• He believed in natural rights and inspired the Declaration of Independence

• He wanted a stronger monarchy

• He wrote the Bill of Rights

What does “natural rights” mean?

• Rights given by kings

• Rights that change with government laws

• Rights people are born with, like life and liberty

• Rights earned through military service

How did Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers shape the Constitution?

• It gave all power to Congress

• It divided government into three branches

• It allowed only the president to make laws

• It required states to rule themselves

What is the social contract?

• An agreement to trade goods

• A deal between citizens and their government to protect rights

• A treaty between nations

• A law about business

How did Enlightenment thinkers challenge absolute monarchy?

• They supported unlimited royal power

• They called for democracy and limits on kings

• They believed only nobles should rule

• They wanted religious leaders in charge

Why did the framers include checks and balances in the Constitution?

• To make government slower

• To stop any branch from becoming too powerful

• To give all power to the Supreme Court

• To protect the king

How does federalism reflect Enlightenment ideas?

• It gives all power to the president

• It balances power between states and national government

• It removes power from the people

• It copies the British monarchy

How did the Bill of Rights protect liberties?

• By giving Congress unlimited control

• By limiting rights of citizens

• By listing freedoms like speech and religion

• By supporting the king’s power

What is popular sovereignty?

• Rule by wealthy nobles

• Rule by the people through voting

• Rule by the military

• Rule by judges

What caused the War of 1812?

• British attacks on American ships and impressment of sailors

• A land dispute with Spain

• French invasion of New Orleans

• A trade war with Mexico