Theories of Development

Which of the following theories conceived of development as a process of “catching up” with the industrialized West?

• Dependency Theory

• Structuralist Theory

• Modernization Theory

• World Systems Theory

According to Raúl Prebisch’s structuralist thesis, which factor primarily caused persistent underdevelopment in Latin America?

• Weak governance institutions

• Unfavorable terms of trade between core and periphery

• Slow technological advancement

• Lack of foreign aid

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates modernization theory in practice?

• A country diversifies away from commodity exports to industrial manufacturing

• A state adopts Western-style democratic institutions to stimulate economic growth

• A region forms a trading bloc to resist global market pressures

• A developing nation nationalizes its industries to break free from dependency

What does a developing country require to transition from a “traditional society” to a “modern” one, according to Rostow’s stages of growth? Select the most appropriate combination.

• Economic diversification

• Establishment of democratic governance

Which set of statements best reflects the critique dependency theorists made of modernization theory?

• i and iv

• ii and iii

• i and ii

• iii and iv

The __________ theory emerged in the context of the Cold War and promoted Western-style social, economic, and political systems as models for development.

• Modernization

• Dependency

• World-Systems

• Postcolonial

According to dependency theorists like Dos Santos, a relationship of __________ occurs when some countries can expand only as a reflection of the expansion of dominant countries.

• dependence

• autonomy

• neutrality

• isolation

The notion of a world divided into a “centre” and “periphery” was first articulated by __________ in his structuralist model.

• Raúl Prebisch

• Immanuel Wallerstein

• Andre Gunder Frank

• Walt Rostow

Modernization theory assumes that all societies follow the same path toward development.

• True

• False

Dependency theory argues that economic globalization automatically reduces inequality between developed and developing countries.

• True

• False