Civilwar Day 13(Oct 7)LSGD-Scaffolding,shoring & Underpinning

The placing of new foundation below an existing foundation for strengthening the existing foundation is known as

• Under pinning
• Shoring
• Scaffolding
• None of the above

Answer explanation

Underpinning is the process of strengthening or stabilizing the foundation of an existing structure by extending it to a deeper or more stable level.

A component part of a scaffolding which are the horizontal members parallel to the wall

• Ledgers
• Putlog
• Transoms
• Braces

Answer explanation

Ledgers are the horizontal members of a scaffolding, running parallel to the wall, and are connected to the standards to support putlogs and transoms.

If the standards are not resting on firm ground, the _________ of standard should be provided at their bottom ends.

• Bedding
• Finishing
• Raising
• Spacing

Answer explanation

Bedding blocks or sole plates are provided at the bottom of scaffolding standards to distribute the load evenly and prevent sinking on soft ground.

In which type of scaffolding the standards are supported by a horizontal beam called as

• Needle scaffolding
• Cantilever scaffolding
• Trestle scaffolding
• Both a and b

Answer explanation

In both needle and cantilever scaffolding, the standards are supported by horizontal projecting beams known as needles, used when ground access is not possible.

Dead shoring is

• Inclined
• Horizontal
• Vertical
• All of these

Answer explanation

Dead shoring consists of vertical supports (posts or shores) used to carry and transfer the load of a structure temporarily during the removal or alteration of load-bearing walls or foundations.

In dead shore, the needles are placed at a distance of

• 1m to 2.5m
• 5m to 6m
• 8m to 9m
• None of these

Answer explanation

In dead shoring, needles (horizontal beams) are typically placed at a spacing of 1 m to 2.5 m to effectively transfer the wall load to the vertical shores below.

_______ method is used to restore slab or pavement which has settled.

• Vibroflotation
• Freezing
• Chemical consolidation
• Cement grouting

Answer explanation

Cement grouting is used to fill voids and stabilize or lift settled slabs or pavements by injecting a cement slurry under pressure beneath the structure.

This type of scaffolding can be used only for the maintenance work outside a building

• Single scaffolding
• Trestle scaffolding
• Suspended scaffolding
• Needle scaffolding

Answer explanation

Suspended scaffolding is mainly used for repair, painting, or maintenance works on the exterior of tall buildings where it is suspended from roofs or high points using ropes or chains.

The spacing between the standards is kept generally less than

• 2 m
• 3 m
• 2.5 m
• 5 m

Answer explanation

In scaffolding, the spacing between standards (vertical members) is generally kept less than 2.5 m to ensure adequate strength and stability of the structure.

The scaffolding provided when the construction work is to be carried out for the upper floors

• Single scaffolding
• Double scaffolding
• Trestle scaffolding
• Needle scaffolding

Answer explanation

Needle scaffolding (also called cantilever scaffolding) is used when work has to be done on the upper floors of a building, where the ground below is not available for supporting standards.