Salts and Electrolytes in Health

Which of the following best describes the primary function of sodium in the human body?

• Acts as a structural component of bones

• Helps regulate fluid balance and nerve transmission

• Provides energy for cellular processes

• Functions as an enzyme

Which food is considered a rich dietary source of potassium?

• White bread

• Bananas

• Butter

• Chicken breast

What is the main role of chloride ions in the human body?

• Oxygen transport

• Maintaining acid-base balance

• Bone formation

• Muscle contraction

Which mineral is most directly associated with bone health and prevention of osteoporosis?

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Potassium

• Chloride

Magnesium is essential in the body because it:

• Is a major component of hemoglobin

• Acts as a cofactor in energy metabolism

• Is stored in adipose tissue

• Is required for DNA replication only

Which of the following is a possible consequence of an electrolyte imbalance?

• Improved muscle strength

• Irregular heartbeat

• Enhanced vision

• Increased bone density

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If a person consumes a diet extremely high in sodium and low in potassium, what is a likely health outcome?

• Decreased risk of hypertension

• Increased risk of high blood pressure

• Improved bone density

• Enhanced nerve function

Which of the following foods would best help someone increase their dietary calcium intake?

• Spinach

• Milk

• Apples

• Rice

A deficiency in which electrolyte is most likely to cause muscle cramps and weakness?

• Chloride

• Potassium

• Sodium

• Calcium

Which process in the body is most directly affected by magnesium deficiency?

• Blood clotting

• Energy production in cells

• Oxygen transport

• Vision

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