Health Economics unit 1-2

The acquisition cost of a new vaccine refers to:

• The total cost of production

• The purchase price paid by an agency or institution

• The marketing cost of the vaccine

• The salary of healthcare workers

Allocative efficiency means that:

• All resources are used equally in every sector

• Resources produce the goods people value most

• The lowest cost method is always chosen

• Goods are distributed randomly

When doctors are paid a fixed amount per patient per year, this is called:

• Capitation

• Subsidy

• Bonus scheme

• Fee-for-service

A government paying part of the cost of public transport to keep prices low is an example of:

• Equity

• Taxation

• Subsidy

• Investment

Scarcity in economics means:

• Lack of demand for goods

• Unlimited resources for all needs

• Limited resources compared to unlimited wants

• Unequal distribution of health workers

Clinical effectiveness measures:

• Doctors’ income per patient

• Whether interventions actually improve patients’ outcomes

• The speed of hospital service

• The number of hospital visits per year

Direct costs in a vaccination program include:

• Lost wages from taking leave

• Pain from injection

• Cost of syringes and staff salaries

• Stress felt by parents

The prevalence of diabetes refers to:

• The number of new cases per month

• The total number of existing cases in a population

• The death rate from diabetes

• The cost of diabetes treatment

Cost-effectiveness analysis aims to:

• Maximize quality while minimizing cost

• Increase spending on all services

• Reduce wages of workers

• Avoid investment in prevention

Equity in healthcare focuses on:

• Equal access based on need

• Giving the same service to everyone

• Charging the rich more

• Reducing hospital size