SUMMATIVE TEST IN PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Which of the following is the most appropriate instrument for collecting quantitative data in a survey?

• Interview guide

• Questionnaire

• Focus group

• Observation checklist

When presenting data in tabular form, the rows usually represent:

• Variables

• Data points

• Categories or groups

• Statistical measures

A bar graph is most suitable for displaying:

• Continuous data over time

• Frequency of categorical data

• Distribution of numerical data

• Correlation between two variables

Which statistical technique is used to assess the relationship between two variables?

• Mean comparison

• Correlation analysis

• Frequency distribution

• Mode calculation

What is the first step in the data collection procedure?

• Collecting data using instruments

• Defining the research problem and objectives

• Data cleaning and processing

• Selecting the sample

Which of the following is a strategy in data collecting that helps reduce bias?

• Convenience sampling

• Random sampling

• Non-structured interviews

• Anecdotal evidence

In a research questionnaire, which question format allows respondents to provide detailed answers?

• Closed-ended questions

• Open-ended questions

• Multiple-choice questions

• Dichotomous questions

Which method is used to process qualitative data?

• Frequency counts

• Thematic analysis

• Mean and standard deviation

• Cross-tabulation

A key component of a data analysis plan includes:

• Research timeline

• Data cleaning methods

• Sampling technique

• Data storage location

When interpreting data, what does a p-value less than 0.05 usually indicate?

• The result is not statistically significant

• The null hypothesis can be rejected

• The data has errors

• The variables are not related