A gunbarrel tank for treating oil.

The emulsion enters the “gas boot” on top where gas is liberated and then drops into the tank through a specially designed “downcomer” and spreader system. The interface between oil and water is maintained by the external water leg attached to the right side of the tank. Gas from the tank goes through the inclined pipe to a vapor recovery compressor to be salvaged for fuel use.

unit for custody transfer of oil. In the vertical loop on left are BS&W probe and a sampler unit. The flow comes through a strainer with a gas eliminator on top before passing through the meter. The meter contains devices for making temperature and gravity corrections, for driving the sampler, and for integrating the meter output with that of a meter prover (not shown).

corrugated plate interceptor (CPI) used for treating water. Note that the top plates are removable so that maintenance can be performed on the plates located internally to the unit.

A horizontal skimmer vessel

for primary separation of oil from water with a gas flotation unit for secondary treatment located in the foreground

contains devices for making temperature and gravity corrections, for driving the sampler, and for integrating the meter output with that of a meter prover

maintained by the external water leg attached to the right side of the tank

separate gas from the total liquid stream

separate the liquid stream into its crude oil and water components

gases evolve from the liquids and the well stream changes in character

two-phase separator that is designed to recover liquids carried over from the gas outlets of production separators or to catch liquids condensed due to cooling or pressure drops.

special case of a two-phase gas-liquid separator that is designed to handle large gas capacities and liquid slugs on a regular basis.

prevents migration of fiberglass fibers into the gas stream

special case of a two-phase gas-liquid separator that is designed to handle large gas capacities and liquid slugs on a regular basis

dehydration equipment that would lose efficiency, be damaged, or be destroyed if contaminated with liquid hydrocarbons; and upstream of a vent or flare outlet

fiberglass cylinder to the center of the perforated metal tube

result from surges of liquids entering the vessel

at low velocities they will not work properly

use centrifugal force, rather than mechanical agitation, to disengage the oil and gas

How recources separated?

Resources are separated by difference in specific gravity

Resources are separated by type, function, or ownership.

Resources are combined into a single category.

Resources are separated by geographical location.

liquids and vapors reached P and T at which they can separate

changes the direction of flow by absorbing the momentum of the liquid and allowing the liquid and gas to separate

operating and design pressures and temperatures

simply stated, phase equilibrium is a condition where the liquids and vapors have reached certain pressure and temperature conditions at which they can separate

gravity settling section

velocity drops and small liquid droplets that were entrained in the gas and not separated by the inlet diverter are separated out by gravity and fall to the gas-liquid interface.

coalescing elements that provide a large amount of surface area used to coalesce and remove the small droplets of liquid

liquid collection section, located at the bottom of the vessel, provides the required retention time necessary for any entrained gas in the liquid to escape to the gravity settling section

section uses coalescing elements that provide a large amount of surface area used to coalesce and remove the small droplets of liq

small liquid droplets that were entrained in the gas and not separated by the inlet diverter are separated out by gravity and fall to the gas-liq

provides the required retention time necessary for any entrained gas in the liquid to escape to the gravity settling section

advantages in pressure containment, their limited liquid surge capacity and fabrication challenges make them difficult to size and operate effectively.

The major benefits : no moving parts; low maintenance; compact, in terms of space and weight; insensitive to motion; and low cost when compared to conventional separator technology.

improve upon single-barrel designs by separating gas and liquid chambers, allowing better liquid surge capacity. Liquids drain into the lower barrel while gas flows through the upper chamber

Centrifugal separators

major benefits: no moving parts; low maintenance; compact, in terms of space and weight; insensitive to motion; and low cost when compared to conventional separator technology

advantages in pressure containment, their limited liquid surge capacity and fabrication challenges make them difficult to size and operate effectively.

improve upon single-barrel designs by separating gas and liquid chambers, allowing better liquid surge capacity. Liquids drain into the lower barrel while gas flows through the upper chamber

What are the main functions of a heater treater in surface production? 3 answers

Separation of oil, gas, and water

Raising the temperature to prevent wax formation

Reducing H₂S levels in gas streams

Removal of salts from crude oil

Compare and contrast the use of vertical and horizontal two-phase separators. Which of the following are true statements?

Horizontal separators provide better performance with foaming crude.

Vertical separators handle sand and solids more effectively.

Vertical separators are more compact and cost-effective.

Vertical separators are better for high gas-liquid ratios.

Horizontal separators are suitable for facilities with limited installation height.

What is the main benefit of increasing the number of separation stages after the initial separation?

Stabilizing more light components into the liquid phase

Reducing the amount of gas captured

Increasing the temperature of the intermediate hydrocarbons

Increasing the volume of the gas phase

Decreasing the pressure of light components

Identification of each of the five fluid types:

GOR, gravity of the stock-tank liquid, color

gravity and pressure difference

Separation Stabilization Gas treatment Oil treatment Water treatment

Gas treatment Oil treatment Water treatment Separation Stabilization

Separation Stabilization Gas treatment Water treatment Oil treatment

Separation Stabilization Oil treatment Water treatment Gas treatment

Remove sand and solids

Corrugated Plate Interceptor (CPI)

Removes oil by coalescing droplets

Corrugated Plate Interceptor (CPI)

Inject gas bubbles that lift oil to the surface

Corrugated Plate Interceptor (CPI)

Lease Automatic Custody Transfer

separators, heater-treaters, tank

insulated vessels or enclosed buildings

integrated systems for oil, gas, and water

custom designs for special conditions

insulated vessels or enclosed buildings

): integrated systems for oil, gas, and water

Which of the following activities is part of the midstream sector in the oil and gas supply chain?

Transporting crude oil and natural gas

Marketing gasoline to consumers

What are the main functions of LACT unit in surface production? /2 correct answers/

Measuring and sampling of crude to meet standards

Separation of oil gas and water

Which of the following statements correctly describe oil behavior above the bubble point?

Oil slightly expands as pressure drops

Oil shrinks as gas comes out of solution

What are the disadvantages of using spherical separators in oil field facilities? 3 correct answers/

Too large for most applications

сбор

Quiz

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Information Technology (IT)

•

University

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Practice Problem

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Easy

asel asel

Used 9+ times

FREE Resource

114 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

single stage separator

two stage separator

three stage separator

2.

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Initial Separation Pressure is too high

gas flashes

light hydrocarbons from liquid oil become gas

light components will stay in the
liquid

gas doesnt separate, stay dissolved in oil

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

one stage separator

two stage separator

three stage separator

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Discharge pressure

pressure at the outlet of a piece of equipment — such as a pump, compressor, or separator — where fluid is being discharged into the next stage of the process.

rate of pressure change over distance — how pressure drops or changes along the flow path of a fluid

pressure difference

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

FWKO

allow the
oil to be dumped to a treater or tank and the water to be dumped to
the water treating system

designed to separate the
free water from the oil and emulsion, as well as separate gas from liquid

compress the flash gas to sales

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

vertical FWKO

Horizontal bulk treater

Gunbarrel” with an internal “Gas Boot.

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Three-stage compressor

Water treating system

Typical frame arrestor

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