Which macronutrient provides the most calories per gram?

• Fiber

• Fats

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?

• To store vitamins

• To synthesize hormones

• To provide energy

• To build muscle

Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate?

• Fructose

• Protein

• Starch

• Fiber

What is glycogen primarily used for in the body?

• Synthesizing hormones

• Providing energy during intense exercise

• Increasing blood sugar levels

• Building muscle

Which type of carbohydrate is digested more slowly and less likely to be converted to fat?

• Refined carbohydrates

• Complex carbohydrates

• Simple carbohydrates

• Added sugars

What percentage of daily calories should come from carbohydrates according to most authorities?

• 50-55%

• 70-75%

• 30-35%

• 20-25%

Which of the following is considered an added sugar?

• Fructose in fruits

• Lactose in milk

• High-fructose corn syrup

• Fiber in vegetables

What does the glycemic index measure?

• The amount of protein in food

• How quickly carbohydrates increase blood sugar levels

• The calorie count of food

• The fat content in food

Which factor does NOT influence a food's glycemic index?

• Protein content

• Fiber content

• Preparation method

• Ripeness of fruit

Which amino acid is essential for infants but not adults?

• Histidine

• Lysine

• Methionine

• Valine