Define covalent bond.

• A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

• A covalent bond is a bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

• A covalent bond is a force that holds oppositely charged ions together.

• A covalent bond is a bond that only occurs between metals.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Define ionic bond.

• An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed between two oppositely charged ions by the transfer of electrons.

• An ionic bond is a bond formed by sharing electrons equally between atoms.

• An ionic bond is a weak attraction between molecules due to temporary dipoles.

• An ionic bond is a bond formed by overlapping atomic orbitals.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Define hydrogen bond.

• A hydrogen bond is a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.

• A hydrogen bond is a covalent bond formed by sharing electrons between two hydrogen atoms.

• A hydrogen bond is a metallic bond found only in metals.

• A hydrogen bond is an ionic bond formed by the transfer of electrons between two atoms.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Define metallic bond.

• A metallic bond is a chemical bond formed between positively charged atoms in which the free electrons are shared among a lattice of atoms.

• A metallic bond is a bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between nonmetal atoms.

• A metallic bond is a bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in oppositely charged ions.

• A metallic bond is a weak attraction between molecules due to temporary dipoles.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Define van der Waals forces.

• Van der Waals forces are weak, short-range electrostatic attractive forces between uncharged molecules, arising from the interaction of permanent or transient electric dipole moments.

• Van der Waals forces are strong covalent bonds formed between atoms in a molecule.

• Van der Waals forces are the forces responsible for radioactive decay in unstable nuclei.

• Van der Waals forces are the magnetic forces between the north and south poles of a magnet.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Explain how valence electrons are involved in covalent bonds.

• Valence electrons are shared between atoms to form covalent bonds.

• Valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another in covalent bonds.

• Valence electrons are lost completely in covalent bonds.

• Valence electrons do not participate in covalent bonds.

Explain how valence electrons are involved in ionic bonds.

• Valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another to form ionic bonds.

• Valence electrons are shared equally between atoms to form ionic bonds.

• Valence electrons are not involved in the formation of ionic bonds.

• Valence electrons are lost by both atoms to form ionic bonds.

Explain how valence electrons are involved in hydrogen bonds.

• Hydrogen bonds involve the attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge and an electronegative atom with a partial negative charge, due to differences in valence electrons.

• Hydrogen bonds are formed by the direct sharing of valence electrons between two hydrogen atoms.

• Hydrogen bonds occur when hydrogen atoms lose all their valence electrons to another atom.

• Hydrogen bonds are created when valence electrons are transferred from hydrogen to oxygen in a water molecule.

Explain how valence electrons are involved in metallic bonds.

• Valence electrons are delocalized and shared among many atoms in metallic bonds.

• Valence electrons are tightly bound to individual atoms in metallic bonds.

• Valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another in metallic bonds.

• Valence electrons are not involved in metallic bonds at all.

Look at the diagram. Which type of bond is shown between Na+ and Cl-?

• Covalent Bond

• Ionic Bond

• Metallic Bond

• Hydrogen Bond

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2