Biology 1 Final Exam

Which of the following best describes the main function of the cell membrane?

• Produces energy for the cell

• Controls what enters and leaves the cell

• Stores genetic information

• Provides structure and support

Which process moves molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration without using energy?

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Endocytosis

The movement of water molecules across the cell membrane is called:

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Exocytosis

• Diffusion

Which process requires energy (ATP) to move substances across the cell membrane?

• Passive transport

• Diffusion

• Active transport

• Osmosis

Which element makes up the largest percentage of the human body?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

Which four elements make up about 96% of the human body’s mass?

• Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

• Oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, and iron

• Carbon, sulfur, potassium, and sodium

• Hydrogen, calcium, magnesium, and iron

Which element is the main component of water in our body?

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Sodium

Nitrogen is a vital element because it is found in:

• Water

• Proteins and nucleic acids

• Carbohydrates only

• Lipids

Which element is essential for oxygen transport in red blood cells?

• Iron (Fe)

• Calcium (Ca)

• Sodium (Na)

• Potassium (K)

It is the most abundant and essential inorganic compound in the body, used for dissolving substances and regulating temperature.

• Water

• Glucose

• Oxygen

• Chlorophyll