Study Guide: LE3 (Chapters 7-9) — Prompt Extraction

According to the study guide, which stage directly generates the proton-motive force used by ATP synthase during cellular respiration?

• Glycolysis

• Electron transport chain

• Citric acid cycle

• Pyruvate oxidation

Where do the light reactions of photosynthesis occur?

• Stroma

• Thylakoid membranes

• Inner mitochondrial membrane

• Cytosol

Which molecule serves as the final electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation?

• NAD+

• CO2

• Oxygen

• Water

Which processes release CO2 according to the study guide?

• Glycolysis

• Pyruvate oxidation

• Citric acid cycle

• Calvin cycle

• Light reactions

Fermentation primarily functions to regenerate (a)   so glycolysis can continue without oxygen.

Shorter wavelengths of light have (a)   energy.

Which statement best contrasts photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation as described?

• Both occur in mitochondria and use oxygen as the final electron acceptor.

• Photophosphorylation occurs in thylakoids using light energy; oxidative phosphorylation occurs in mitochondria using a proton gradient from organic electron donors.

• Photophosphorylation occurs in the stroma and does not use an electron transport chain; oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the cytosol.

• Oxidative phosphorylation uses ATP synthase, while photophosphorylation does not.

Which cell type is diploid according to the study guide?

• Gamete

• Somatic cell

• Chloroplast

• Prokaryote

In mitosis without cytokinesis, what is the immediate outcome?

• Two separate daughter cells

• One cell with multiple nuclei

• Cell death

• No change in chromosome number