1. Core Cell Biology: Specialised Cells

Which structure of the sperm cell contains the male genetic material (chromosomes)?

• Tail (flagellum)

• Nucleus

• Mid-piece

• Cell wall

What is the primary adaptation of the sperm cell’s tail (flagellum)?

• Stores nutrients

• Whips back and forth to allow the sperm to swim

• Houses chromosomes

• Performs photosynthesis

In sex determination, a sperm carrying a Y chromosome will result in which baby?

• Female baby (XX)

• Male baby (XY)

• Intersex baby

• No determination

Which feature is found in plant cells but not in animal cells and provides support and protection?

• Nucleus

• Cell wall

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• Protein synthesis

• Cell division

• Contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis

• Store genetic material

Which plant cell component is a large sac that stores cell sap, water, and nutrients and helps maintain the cell’s structure?

• Vacuole

• Golgi apparatus

• Cell membrane

• Lysosome

Which statement best describes magnification when using a microscope?

• It makes the image sharper by adjusting focus.

• It increases the apparent size of the object so it looks bigger/closer.

• It reduces the distance between the lens and the stage to improve clarity.

• It changes the color of the specimen to enhance contrast.

What is the primary effect of turning the focusing wheel on a microscope?

• It changes magnification to make the object larger.

• It turns on the light source under the stage.

• It adjusts the distance between the lens and the stage to make the image sharper or clearer.

• It captures a photograph of the specimen.

Which feature explains why a nerve cell is considered specialised in the body?

• It divides rapidly to replace damaged tissue.

• It carries oxygen using haemoglobin.

• It is adapted to transmit electrical signals quickly around the body.

• It stores energy in large vacuoles.

Which statement best describes a gene?

• A protein that gives cells energy

• A small section of DNA that contains instructions to make a specific protein

• A cell structure made entirely of lipids

• A different form of a chromosome