Kinetic molecular theory

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What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

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The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion. It states that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that their collisions with each other and the walls of their container are perfectly elastic.

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What describes the motion of particles in a solid?

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In a solid, particles vibrate in place but do not move freely. They are closely packed together, which gives solids a definite shape and volume.

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What describes the motion of particles in a liquid?

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In a liquid, particles are close together but can move past one another, allowing liquids to take the shape of their container while maintaining a definite volume.

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What describes the motion of particles in a gas?

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In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely at high speeds, filling the entire volume of their container and having no definite shape or volume.

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What happens to the energy of particles when they collide?

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When a fast particle collides with a slower particle, energy is transferred to the slower particle, increasing its speed.

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What is the relationship between temperature and the kinetic energy of gas particles?

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As the temperature of a gas increases, the average kinetic energy of its particles also increases, causing them to move faster.

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What is diffusion in gases?

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Diffusion is the process by which gas particles spread out and mix with other gases due to their random motion.

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What is the effect of pressure on gas volume?

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According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure on a gas increases, its volume decreases, provided the temperature remains constant.

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What is the effect of temperature on gas volume?

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According to Charles's Law, if the temperature of a gas increases, its volume increases, provided the pressure remains constant.

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What is a characteristic of gases compared to solids and liquids?

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Gases have no definite shape or volume, unlike solids (which have a definite shape and volume) and liquids (which have a definite volume but take the shape of their container).