Unit 1 Ecology, Succession, Human Impact, and Graph Quizs

Overexploitation

• when humans take (remove) too many of something from the environment (example: overfishing or overhunting)

• the process of restoring natural habitats to their original state

• the sustainable use of natural resources without depleting them

• the introduction of non-native species into an ecosystem

Organism

• Any individual living thing made of cells.

• A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.

• A non-living entity that interacts with living organisms.

• A type of chemical reaction that occurs in living organisms.

J-shaped curve

• (Exponential growth) Occurs when resources are unlimited.

• (Linear growth) Occurs when resources are limited.

• (Cubic growth) Occurs in a controlled environment.

• (Logistic growth) Occurs when resources are fluctuating.

Biosphere

• Layer of Earth that supports life on land, water, and air.

• Region of the Earth where only plants can survive.

• Area of the Earth that is devoid of any life.

• Layer of the atmosphere that contains weather patterns.

Parasitism

• One organism benefits (the parasite), the other is harmed (host) (+/-).

• Both organisms benefit from the relationship (+/+).

• One organism is unaffected while the other is harmed (commensalism) (+/0).

• Both organisms are harmed in the relationship (-/-).

Predation

• One organism kills and eats another.

• Two organisms live together in harmony.

• One organism provides shelter for another.

• Organisms compete for the same resources.

habitat destruction

• removing or destroying habitats to meet human needs (examples: cutting down forests to grow food, build roads, or build houses)

• preserving natural environments to protect wildlife

• creating artificial habitats for endangered species

• replanting trees in deforested areas

Population density

• Measures the total number of species in an ecosystem.

• Indicates how many individuals live in an area, such as how many fish in a lake.

• Calculates the average size of individuals in a population.

• Assesses the health of a population based on birth and death rates.

primary succession pioneer species

• lichens and mosses that can break up the bare rock and make it into sediments and soil

• ferns that thrive in wet environments

• deciduous trees that grow in rich soil

• grasses that spread through seeds

Bar graph

• Used to compare items.

• Used to display trends over time.

• Used to show parts of a whole.

• Used to represent categorical data.