Child Development Unit 2 - Review Sheet: Prenatal Development

Conception is the process by which a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell in the female reproductive system. Which of the following best describes how conception occurs, using appropriate anatomical vocabulary?

• Conception occurs when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell in the fallopian tube.

• Conception occurs when an egg cell fertilizes a sperm cell in the uterus.

• Conception occurs when a sperm cell and egg cell meet in the ovary.

• Conception occurs when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell in the cervix.

Which of the following is an option for couples dealing with infertility, along with its benefit or drawback?

• In vitro fertilization (IVF) - allows conception outside the body but can be expensive and emotionally taxing.

• Regular exercise - guarantees pregnancy for all couples.

• Skipping medical consultation - increases chances of natural conception.

• Ignoring the issue - often leads to spontaneous pregnancy.

Identify which of the following lists correctly names three forms of birth control and states whether they protect against STIs.

• Condoms (protect against STIs), Birth control pills (do not protect), IUD (do not protect)

• Birth control pills (protect against STIs), IUD (protect), Diaphragm (protect)

• Condoms (do not protect), Birth control pills (protect), IUD (protect)

• IUD (protect), Diaphragm (protect), Patch (protect)

Which of the following are challenges that teen mothers or teen parents face?

• Financial difficulties, interrupted education, and social stigma

• Early retirement, high job security, and frequent travel

• Excess leisure time, high income, and strong community support

• Advanced career opportunities, luxury housing, and global recognition

What are the symptoms that a female might be pregnant? How can we confirm or deny our “suspicions” of pregnancy?

• Tender Breasts, Spotting, frequent urination, nausea/vomiting, missed period (main sign). Taking a couple home pregnancy tests is a good start. If it’s positive, see a doctor to confirm via urine sample.

• Sudden weight loss, increased energy, and improved vision. Confirmation can be done by eating spicy food.

• Frequent headaches, hair growth, and craving salty foods. Confirmation can be done by checking body temperature.

• Dry skin, muscle cramps, and sneezing. Confirmation can be done by drinking more water.

What happens at prenatal check-ups?

• Vaginal Exam (check for STIs), Fetal Ultrasound, Blood/Glucose Tests, Monitor Fetal Heartbeat, Weight Check, Measure Mom’s stomach circumference.

• Only vision and hearing tests are performed.

• Prenatal check-ups only involve dental cleaning and x-rays.

• Prenatal check-ups are just about giving vaccines to the mother.

List the stages of the developing fetus from conception to birth:

• Zygote (Day 1-2), Germinal (Day 3-7), Embryo (Week 2-9), Fetus (Week 10-40)

• Zygote (Week 1-2), Embryo (Week 3-8), Fetus (Week 9-40), Neonate (Week 41+)

• Embryo (Day 1-7), Fetus (Week 2-8), Neonate (Week 9-40), Infant (Week 41+)

• Germinal (Day 1-5), Embryo (Day 6-20), Fetus (Day 21-100), Neonate (Day 101-280)

List and describe the three prenatal tests. What is the purpose of having one?

• Ultrasound- see the fetus, amniotic sac, placenta, and ovaries to make sure everything is developing correctly. Amniocentesis- detect chromosomal abnormalities and fetal infections. Chorionic Villus Sampling- detect chromosomal abnormalities or genetic disorders in the fetus.

• Blood Pressure Test- monitor the mother's blood pressure, Glucose Tolerance Test- check for gestational diabetes, Urinalysis- detect urinary tract infections.

• X-ray- check for bone development, MRI- examine fetal organs, CT scan- assess fetal growth.

• Pap Smear- screen for cervical cancer, Mammogram- check for breast cancer, Colonoscopy- detect colon issues.

List at least 5 foods/drinks should a pregnant woman avoid during pregnancy?

• Alcohol, Raw/Undercooked Meats, Coffee (in excess), unpasteurized products, deli meats.

• Fresh fruits, whole grains, lean meats, pasteurized milk, cooked vegetables.

• Bottled water, steamed rice, grilled chicken, boiled eggs, yogurt.

• Baked potatoes, orange juice, roasted nuts, green tea, apples.

How many chromosomes are given to a baby?

• 46

• 23

• 44

• 48