Review - Types of Rocks

Granite has only recently been exposed at a location on Earth's surface. What will need to happen first in order for granite to become sedimentary rock?

• The granite must be broken into smaller pieces by weathering processes.

• A thick layer of humus must form on top of the granite.

• Erosion by wind and water must move pieces of granite to other locations.

• Microorganisms must begin to break down the remains of plants and animals.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Declan observed a rock that he found at the beach. He concluded that the rock was sedimentary. Which observation best supports this conclusion?

• the yellow color

• the hardness of the rock

• the layers within the rock

• the location where the rock was found

Granite forms when magma slowly cools within Earth's crust. Basalt forms when lava cools on Earth's surface. What do granite and basalt have in common?

• They are kinds of igneous rock.

• They are not made up of minerals.

• They are identical in color and texture.

• They are made up of layers of sediment.

Repeated temperature changes can cause a rock to break down into smaller pieces. Which part of the rock cycle is this an example of?

• erosion

• deposition

• weathering

• subsidence

What do mudstone and sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of once-living plants and animals have in common?

• They are made up of the same kinds of minerals

• They are formed from layers of sediment

• They are formed when melted rock cools and hardens

• They are made up of the remains of plants and animals

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The flow chart shows how a metamorphic rock can change into a sedimentary rock

• cooling

• deposition

• melting

• weathering

Which process is responsible for transforming sediment into solid sedimentary rock?

• Evaporation

• Melting

• Compaction and cementation

• Cooling

Which characteristic would best help you identify a rock as metamorphic?

• Rounded grains cemented together

• Glassy texture

• Layered appearance with wavy or distorted bands

• Presence of fossils

What is the main difference between igneous and sedimentary rocks?

• Igneous rocks are formed by weathering, while sedimentary rocks are formed by melting.

• Igneous rocks form from cooling magma or lava, while sedimentary rocks form from compacted sediments.

• Igneous rocks contain fossils, while sedimentary rocks do not.

• Igneous rocks are always layered, while sedimentary rocks are not.

The cooled and hardened magma from volcanoes form what rocks?

• igneous
• sedimentary
• metamorphic 
• fossils

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1