Cell & Organelle Questions

Sophia has a medical condition that prevents her mitochondria from functioning properly. Which body process would be most impacted?

• Protein packaging

• Energy production

• Cell division

• Waste removal

If the Golgi apparatus is damaged in a cell, which process would be most directly impaired?

• Packaging and transporting proteins

• Breaking down waste

• Producing energy

• Storing calcium

Which statement correctly distinguishes mitosis from meiosis?

• Mitosis forms gametes; meiosis forms identical cells

• Mitosis produces 2 identical cells; meiosis produces 4 unique cells

• Both produce identical cells

• Both occur only in reproductive organs

Abigail is learning about how her body keeps its internal environment stable. She wonders how the cell membrane in her cells helps maintain this balance. How does the cell membrane contribute to homeostasis in cells?

• By producing proteins

• By controlling what enters and leaves the cell

• By storing genetic information

• By packaging materials

Zoe is working in a biology lab and needs to explain the difference between smooth ER and rough ER to her classmates. Which choice correctly compares their functions?

• Smooth ER makes proteins; rough ER makes lipids

• Rough ER has ribosomes and makes proteins; smooth ER makes lipids

• Both are responsible for protein synthesis

• Smooth ER stores DNA

Which anatomical plane divides the body into right and left halves?

• Frontal

• Sagittal

• Transverse

• Coronal

During a medical imaging procedure, Sophia is asked to lie down so that the scan can show the front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves of her body. Which anatomical plane is being used for this scan?

• Sagittal

• Frontal

• Transverse

• Oblique

Grace is studying anatomy and is asked to identify the directional term that means “toward the head.” Which term should she choose?

• Inferior

• Lateral

• Superior

• Posterior

During a soccer game, Evelyn injures the outer side of her knee. Which directional term describes the location of her injury as “away from the midline”?

• Medial

• Lateral

• Superior

• Distal

While helping Maya learn about human anatomy, you ask her: Complete the relationship: The sternum is ______ to the vertebral column.

• Posterior

• Lateral

• Anterior

• Inferior