UEco - Ecological Succession

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession already has soil.

• Primary has soil and secondary does not

• soil is present in both

• primary has no soil and secondary has soil

Answer explanation

Primary succession occurs in lifeless areas without soil, such as after a volcanic eruption. In contrast, secondary succession happens in areas where soil is already present, like after a forest fire. Thus, primary has no soil and secondary has soil.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which is the correct order in primary succession?

• Rocks, Lichens & Mosses, Bushes & Shrubs, Trees

• Lichens & Mosses, Rocks, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs 

• Trees, Bushes and Shrubs, Lichens & Mosses, Lichens & Mosses

• Rocks, Grass, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs

Answer explanation

In primary succession, the correct order starts with bare rocks, followed by colonization by lichens and mosses, then the establishment of bushes and shrubs, and finally the growth of trees.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Why does primary succession take longer to reach climax community?

• Because trees do not perform photosyntheses.

• Because climax community is in a forrest.

• Because primary succession already has soil

• Because primary succession does not have soil

Answer explanation

Primary succession takes longer to reach a climax community because it starts on bare rock or surfaces without soil. The absence of soil means that plants cannot grow immediately, delaying the entire process of succession.

Succession type?

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• tertiary succession

• variable succession

Answer explanation

Primary succession occurs in lifeless areas where soil has not yet formed, such as after a volcanic eruption. It starts with pioneer species colonizing bare rock, leading to ecosystem development. Thus, the correct answer is primary succession.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Succession type?

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• tertiary succession

• variable succession

Answer explanation

Secondary succession occurs in areas where a disturbance has destroyed an existing community but left the soil intact, allowing for recovery. This distinguishes it from primary succession, which starts from bare rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

• To create rocks

• To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 

• To look nice

• Food for animals 

Answer explanation

The most important function of pioneer species is to create soil and add nutrients to the environment. They break down rocks and organic matter, facilitating the development of ecosystems.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D

• B, A, D, C

• C, D, A, B

• D, A, B, C

Answer explanation

The correct order of succession is C, D, A, B, as indicated in the figure. This sequence reflects the proper hierarchy or progression shown, confirming that C precedes D, followed by A and then B.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

• Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants

• Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil

• Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria

• Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

Answer explanation

Lichens contribute to primary succession by breaking down rock surfaces, which helps to form soil. This process is crucial for creating a habitat where other plants can grow, making the correct choice 'Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil'.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• climax community

• limiting factors

Answer explanation

After a forest fire, the ecosystem undergoes secondary succession, as it rebuilds on previously established soil and organic matter, unlike primary succession, which starts from bare rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Label the following illustrations with the correct order of succession.

c

d

e

f

b

a

Large Trees

Small Annual Plants

Grasses

Shrubs and Bushes

Lichens

Bare Rock

Tags

112.34.c.11.B