Biology and Biochemistry Quiz

Carbohydrates are polymers formed from structural units called:

• amino acids

• fatty acids

• nucleotides

• glycerols

• monosaccharides

In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major, the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks:

• best suited for their parents' environment

• best suited for their current environment

• smaller than those of the previous generation

• larger than those of the previous generation

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In a chemical analysis of a sample of animal tissue, which element would you expect to find in the least quantity?

• carbon

• hydrogen

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• iodine

Membrane proteins serve many functions. One of the functions is transportation of substances across the membrane. If a cell biologist placed cells into an environment in which a chemical has been added that blocks the function of only carrier proteins, the process that will be affected is:

• active transport

• osmosis

• simple diffusion

• phagocytosis

• pinocytosis

Arsenic poisoning can lead to organ failure and death. Though arsenic can inhibit or interfere with a number of cellular enzymes, arsenic poisoning is thought to be mainly due to indirect inhibition of enzymes involved in both pyruvate oxidation and the Citric acid cycle. As a result, this compound must be able to enter which cellular compartment?

• The cytoplasm

• The nucleus

• The intermembrane space of the mitochondria

• The mitochondrial matrix

• The endoplasmic reticulum

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After DNA replication is complete, each strand of the original molecule is bound to a new complementary strand. This process is known as:

• disruptive replication

• conservative replication

• semiconservative replication

• dispersive replication

• stabilizing replication

Given what is known about the minimal essential functions of cellular life, if you could create an artificial cell, what cellular structures must you include?

• cell wall

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• nucleus

During_________, nucleotide sequence information is changed into amino acid sequence information.

• replication

• sequencing

• transcription

• translocation

• translation

What is the main component of an animal cell membrane?

• phospholipids

• polynucleotides

• aquaporins

• glycolipids

• cholesterol

Viruses infect every organism that has been investigated for their presence. However, viruses can only replicate in:

• one host species each

• vertebrates

• the respiratory system

• the extracellular space

• certain cell types of their specific hosts