Final Exam 202

How does the composition of glomerular filtrate differ from that of plasma?

• Filtrate contains many substances that are not present in plasma.

• Filtrate contains most of the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.

• Filtrate has less water and fewer electrolytes than plasma.

• Filtrate has more uric acid and creatinine than plasma.

Gout is a condition characterized by joint inflammation and pain caused by the presence of crystal deposits. What makes up these crystals?

• Calcium ions

• Uric acid

• Amino acids

• Urea

The hormone ADH promotes water reabsorption through the wall(s) of the __________.

• distal tubule and collecting duct

• ascending limb of the nephron loop

• proximal tubule and collecting duct

• descending limb of the nephron loop

What type of arrhythmia is most life threatening?

• Atrial fibrillation

• Ventricular fibrillation

• Atrial flutter

What is a common symptom of Graves' Disease?

• Increased thirst

• Weight gain

• Decreased appetite

• Goiter

The renal corpuscle includes what two structures?

• Glomerular capsule and renal tubule

• Renal tubule and collecting tubule

• Glomerulus and glomerular capsule

• Glomerulus and renal tubule

What are the organs of the urinary system?

• The paired kidneys, paired ureters, a bladder and a urethra.

• The major and minor calyces, renal pelvis, and renal sinus.

• The renal cortex, renal pelvis, and renal medulla.

• The glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct.

How does heparin prevent the clotting of blood?

• By binding to calcium ions

• By depleting the blood of platelets

• By inhibiting the formation of prothrombin activator and the action of thrombin on fibrinogen

• By interfering with the formation of thrombin and fibrinogen

How can the innate defenses be characterized?

• Fast and specific

• Slow and nonspecific

Which of the following describes the response of the nervous system?

• Slow and specific

• Fast and specific

• Fast and nonspecific

• Slow and specific