Cycles of Matter Quiz

Carbon exists in many forms on Earth. The diagram below shows part of the carbon cycle.

What is happening in Step 1?

• Animals are decomposing and releasing carbon into the soil.

• Animals are releasing energy into the environment and storing carbon.

• Animals are converting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to oxygen.

• Animals are breaking down organic molecules and releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

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There is a connection between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The products from one provide the

raw materials for the other. This image shows the relationship between the two processes.

What products of photosynthesis are the starting material for cellular respiration?

• glucose and oxygen

• heat energy and ATP

• carbon dioxide and water

• light energy and chlorophyll

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They set up an investigation using both an aquatic plant and an aquatic animal. They used an indicator solution to color the water. An indicator solution will change colors depending upon how much Carbon Dioxide (CO2) there is in the water.

Their setup and data are shown in the picture:

If Carbon Dioxide turns the indicator solution yellow, which statement best explains the processes that occurred in the beaker?

• The aquatic plant released CO2 that the snail used to make sugars.

• The water changed to green as CO2 was consumed by the aquatic plant.

• The snail breathed in CO2 from the water.

• The snail released CO2 into the water.

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Which model of organism relationships describes a way that energy flows through the tundra ecosystem?

• Shrubs → Lemmings → Weasels → Falcons

• Mosses → Weasels → Hawks → Snowy owls

• Grasses → Snow geese → Lemmings → Hawks

• Mosses → Shrubs → Snow geese → Snowy owls

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Which statement best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the tundra ecosystem?

• Hawks produce carbon dioxide and water, which weasels convert into sugars and oxygen.

• Lemmings produce sugar and water, which hawks convert into carbon dioxide and oxygen.

• Grasses produce sugars and oxygen, which lemmings convert into carbon dioxide and water.

• Mosses produce carbon dioxide and water, which weasels convert into sugars and oxygen.

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Which two statements best describe the movement of carbon and oxygen in the tundra ecosystem?

• Producers take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.

• Producers take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.

• Consumers take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide during cellular respiration.

• Consumers take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during cellular respiration.

• Producers and consumers take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.

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Based on the information in Table 2, which statement best describes how the energy in the tundra ecosystem changes when herbivores consume different amounts of plants?

• Herbivores get less energy when they consume more plants.

• Lemmings use more energy when they consume fewer plants.

• The amount of energy available to other consumers changes as the number of lemmings changes.

• Plants produce more energy in the tundra ecosystem when fewer lemmings are in the tundra ecosystem.

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A student receives a picture of a savanna ecosystem with an elephant, a tree, and grass shown.

How are gases exchanged among the three organisms present in an ecosystem?

• The grass and then tree produce carbon dioxide for use by the elephant, and

  the elephant exhales oxygen for use by the grass and the tree.

• The grass and tree produce oxygen for use by the elephant, and the elephant

  exhales nitrogen for use by the grass and the tree

• The grass and the tree produce nitrogen for use by the elephant, and the

  elephant exhales carbon dioxide for use by the grass and the tree.

• The grass and tree produce oxygen for use by the elephant, and the elephant

  exhales carbon dioxide for use by grass and the tree.

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The arrows in the diagram represent the exchange of gases between organisms and the environment.

Which biotic factors must take in carbon dioxide released by other parts of the ecosystem to survive?

• Rabbit

• Insect

• Bird

• Tree

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Analyze the carbon cycle model to the side.

Select THREE statements that describe how carbon cycles from biotic and abiotic factors in the environment.

• Plants take in carbon from the atmosphere and convert it to glucose through

  photosynthesis.

• Decomposers in the environment take carbon from the once living organisms and

  return it to the environment around it.

• Fires remove carbon from the environment and put it into living plants

• Fish take in carbon from the atmosphere and convert it to food through

  photosynthesis and return it to the environment.

• Animals produce carbon through the process of cellular respiration returning carbon

  to the environment from living organisms.

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