National UNIFICATIONS and Diplomatic Tensions [AP Euro Review—Unit 7 Topic 3]

What was a primary cause of the Crimean War, and which major European powers supported the Ottoman Empire against Russia?

• Economic competition over colonial territories; Britain and Germany

• Religious tensions in the Ottoman Empire; Britain and France

• Disputes over trade routes in the Mediterranean; Austria and Prussia

• Nationalist uprisings in the Balkans; France and Austria

What significant shift in European power dynamics resulted from the Crimean War?

• It solidified the Concert of Europe and strengthened existing alliances.

• It led to the immediate formation of a unified German Empire.

• It broke up the Concert of Europe and allowed for new nationalistic movements.

• It established Russia as the dominant power in Eastern Europe.

Which two prominent figures were instrumental in the unification of Italy, leading efforts in the northern and southern regions, respectively?

• Otto von Bismarck and Napoleon III

• Count Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi

• Victor Emmanuel II and Otto von Bismarck

• Giuseppe Mazzini and Klemens von Metternich

How did Otto von Bismarck strategically use the conflict between two provinces to advance Prussian interests during the Austro-Prussian War?

• He secretly allied with France to defeat Austria.

• He provoked a regional conflict that forced German states to align with either Prussia or Austria.

• He offered economic incentives to southern German states to join Prussia.

• He appealed to the Holy Roman Emperor for a unified German state.

What was the primary purpose of the three key wars initiated by Otto von Bismarck?

• To expand Prussia's colonial empire

• To unify the various German states under Prussian leadership

• To establish a new European balance of power with France at its center

• To dismantle the Austrian Empire

Following the unification of Germany, what was Otto von Bismarck's primary foreign policy objective regarding France?

• To form a strong military alliance with France.

• To isolate France diplomatically and prevent it from seeking revenge.

• To negotiate a trade agreement that would benefit both nations.

• To support France in its colonial expansion efforts.

What was a significant consequence of the Congress of Berlin in 1878 regarding the Balkan region?

• It successfully resolved all nationalist tensions in the Balkans.

• It led to the immediate independence of all Balkan states.

• It increased tensions in the Balkans by disregarding nationalist desires for self-rule.

• It established a lasting peace treaty between Russia and Austria-Hungary.