Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) – ATI-Style Quiz

A nurse is explaining the underlying problem in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to a client. Which explanation best describes the disease process?

• The bone marrow stops producing all white blood cells

• Abnormal lymphocytes multiply and suppress normal blood cell production

• Red blood cells mature too quickly and crowd the bone marrow

• Platelet destruction increases due to immune dysfunction

Select all that apply: A nurse reviews normal lymphoid cell development when teaching about ALL. Which cells normally arise from lymphoid stem cells?

• B lymphocytes

• T lymphocytes

• Natural killer cells

• Neutrophils

• Platelets

Which laboratory trend best reflects the pathophysiology of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?

• Increased RBCs with decreased WBCs

• Normal platelets with elevated hemoglobin

• Decreased RBCs, platelets, and functional WBCs

• Elevated platelets with stable neutrophil counts

Select all that apply: Which findings increase the client's risk for ALL?

• Prior exposure to ionizing radiation

• History of chemotherapy

• Down syndrome

• Chronic hypertension

• Ataxia telangiectasia

Which statement about the epidemiology of ALL is accurate?

• ALL occurs exclusively in childhood

• ALL is most common in adults over age 40

• ALL shows a bimodal incidence pattern

• ALL affects males and females equally across all ages

Select all that apply: Which manifestations are consistent with ALL?

• Fatigue

• Bruising easily

• Petechiae

• Night sweats

• Polyuria

A client with ALL reports difficulty sleeping and persistent worry about treatment outcomes. Which interpretation is most appropriate?

• These findings indicate disease progression

• Anxiety and depression are common psychosocial effects of cancer

• Insomnia suggests ineffective pain control

• Cognitive impairment is the most likely cause

Select all that apply: Which nursing instructions reduce bleeding risk?

• Use a soft toothbrush

• Use an electric razor

• Monitor for petechiae

• Encourage contact sports

• Assess for occult bleeding

Which diagnostic study definitively confirms ALL?

• Peripheral smear alone

• CBC with differential

• Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

• Blood chemistry testing

A client with ALL develops DIC. Which complication places the client at greatest immediate risk?

• Hypertension

• Hypovolemic shock

• Pulmonary edema

• Hyperglycemia