A disease that spreads globally across many countries and populations

A disease that only affects plants

A disease that is caused by a genetic mutation

A disease that is limited to one school or building

A student observes that when wolves were removed from Yellowstone National Park, the deer population increased dramatically and vegetation was overgrazed. Which ecological relationship best explains the role wolves played in maintaining the ecosystem?

Predator/prey relationship controlling population size

Mutualism between wolves and deer

Competition between wolves and plants

A plant uses photosynthesis to produce glucose. Which of the following correctly describes how this glucose is used by the plant?

It provides energy and building materials for growth and survival

It is only stored and never used

It is immediately released into the soil

It is converted directly into oxygen

During a flu season, a city reports 500 cases of influenza within two weeks. Health officials classify this as an epidemic. Which of the following factors would most likely cause this epidemic to become a pandemic?

The flu spreads to multiple continents through international travel

The flu only affects elderly people in the city

The flu is treated successfully with antibiotics

The flu disappears after two weeks

A farmer removes all the trees from a forest to create farmland. Which of the following best describes the most likely effect on the local animal population?

Animal populations will decrease due to loss of shelter and food sources

Animal populations will increase because there is more open space

Animal populations will be unaffected because they can find food elsewhere

Animal populations will increase because predators will leave the area

Which of the following best explains why plants are considered the foundation of most food webs?

Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy that other organisms can use

Plants consume the most energy in an ecosystem

Plants decompose dead organisms and recycle nutrients

Plants compete with animals for water and space

A scientist studying a lake ecosystem notices that the fish population has declined significantly. After investigation, she finds that a new invasive plant species has covered the surface of the lake, blocking sunlight. Which of the following best explains the chain of events leading to the fish decline?

Blocked sunlight reduced photosynthesis in aquatic plants, decreasing oxygen and food for fish

The invasive plant directly ate the fish

The invasive plant increased the water temperature, which helped fish grow

The invasive plant attracted more predators that competed with fish

A student is analyzing data from two different disease outbreaks. Outbreak A affected 2,000 people in one city over one month. Outbreak B affected 5 million people across 40 countries over six months. Using this data, which conclusion is best supported?

Outbreak B is a pandemic because it spread across multiple countries globally

Outbreak A is a pandemic because it affected more people per city

Both outbreaks are epidemics because they both involved large numbers of people

Outbreak A is a pandemic because it spread faster than Outbreak B

In a forest ecosystem, decomposers break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil. Using evidence from the carbon cycle, explain what would most likely happen to the ecosystem if all decomposers were suddenly removed?

Carbon and nutrients would remain locked in dead organic matter, reducing plant growth and disrupting the entire food web

Plants would grow faster because there would be more dead matter for them to absorb directly

Animals would take over the role of decomposers and the ecosystem would remain balanced

The water cycle would speed up, compensating for the loss of decomposers

A scientist is studying two competing species of birds that eat the same type of seeds in a forest. Over time, she notices that one species begins eating insects while the other continues eating seeds. Which of the following best explains this observation and its long-term consequence for the ecosystem?

The birds are showing resource partitioning to reduce competition, which allows both populations to coexist and maintain ecosystem balance

The birds are showing mutualism, which will eventually cause both populations to go extinct

The birds are showing parasitism, which will cause one species to dominate and eliminate the other

The birds are showing predation, which will increase the seed population indefinitely

A student investigates how a drought affects a grassland ecosystem. She collects the following data over three years: Year 1 (normal rainfall): Grass population = 10,000 units, Rabbit population = 500, Fox population = 50 Year 2 (drought begins): Grass population = 4,000 units, Rabbit population = 300, Fox population = 45 Year 3 (severe drought): Grass population = 1,500 units, Rabbit population = 100, Fox population = 20 Based on this data, which conclusion best explains the relationship between the abiotic factor (water) and the populations in this ecosystem?

The reduction in water decreased grass growth, which reduced food for rabbits, which in turn reduced food for foxes, showing how abiotic factors cascade through a food chain

The fox population declined first, which caused the rabbit and grass populations to decline

The rabbit population declined first because rabbits need more water than foxes or grass

The data shows that abiotic factors only affect producers and have no impact on consumers

A student is building a model of a food web for a pond ecosystem. She includes algae, water fleas, small fish, large fish, and decomposing bacteria. She wants to show how matter cycles through the system. Which of the following best describes the role of decomposing bacteria in both the cycling of matter and the flow of energy in this food web?

Decomposing bacteria break down dead organisms, releasing nutrients back into the water for algae to use, while also obtaining energy from the organic matter they decompose

Decomposing bacteria produce energy from sunlight and release it into the water

Decomposing bacteria consume living fish and transfer energy upward in the food web

Decomposing bacteria only cycle water and have no role in the carbon cycle

A health department is trying to prevent a local flu epidemic from becoming a pandemic. They implement vaccination programs, travel restrictions, and public health education. Which of the following best explains why these strategies together are more effective than any single strategy alone?

Combining vaccination to reduce susceptibility, travel restrictions to limit spread, and education to promote prevention addresses multiple pathways of transmission simultaneously

Vaccinations alone are enough to stop any disease from spreading globally

Travel restrictions eliminate the disease entirely without the need for treatment

Public health education is the only strategy needed because people will naturally avoid sick individuals

A student is analyzing a food web in a rainforest. She notices that when a species of fig tree produces fruit, it supports fruit bats, birds, and monkeys. These animals then spread the fig tree's seeds across the forest. Using evidence from this scenario, which of the following best explains the ecological relationships present and their consequences for the ecosystem?

This is an example of mutualism and coexistence, where the fig tree provides food for animals and the animals help the tree reproduce, maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem health

This is an example of competition because all animals are eating the same fruit

This is an example of parasitism because the animals are harming the fig tree by eating its fruit

This is an example of predation because the animals are consuming the fig tree's resources

EOG Review (LS) Energy Flow and Ecosystem Interactions

Authored by Donnalyn Biel

Science

8th Grade

EOG Review (LS) Energy Flow and Ecosystem Interactions

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27 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the term for an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis?

Consumer

Decomposer

Producer

Predator

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?

Wind

The Sun

Water

Soil

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following best defines an epidemic?

A disease that spreads across multiple countries or continents

A disease that affects only animals

A disease outbreak that is limited to a specific community or region

A disease caused only by bacteria

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

A deer

A tree

Temperature

Bacteria

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

In the carbon cycle, which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Condensation

Nitrogen fixation

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following organisms is classified as a decomposer?

Grass

Deer

Mushroom

Eagle

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What term describes the relationship in which both organisms benefit from their interaction?

Parasitism

Competition

Predation

Mutualism

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EOG Review (LS) Energy Flow and Ecosystem Interactions

What is the term for an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis?

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?

Which of the following best defines an epidemic?

Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

In the carbon cycle, which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

Which of the following organisms is classified as a decomposer?

What term describes the relationship in which both organisms benefit from their interaction?

Which macromolecule found in food serves as the primary building material for cell growth and repair?

What is a pandemic?

Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

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