EM - Gr11

Deposition is more likely to occur when a river enters which type of body of water?

• A large, still body of water such as a lake or the sea

• A small, fast-moving stream

• A narrow, rocky channel

• A steep waterfall

Explain why deposition is more likely when the velocity of streamflow decreases. Use evidence from the diagrams to support your answer.

• Lower velocity allows sediments to settle out of the water, leading to deposition.

• Higher velocity causes sediments to be suspended and prevents deposition.

• Lower velocity increases erosion rather than deposition.

• Higher velocity causes all sediments to settle quickly.

What does the long profile of a river show?

• The shape of the valley from side to side

• How the gradient of the river channel changes from the source to the mouth

• The width of the river at different points

• The depth of the river at the mouth

In most rivers, where is the channel steeper?

• In the lower course

• In the middle reaches

• In the upper course

• At the mouth

What does the cross profile of a river valley show?

• The change in gradient with distance

• The shape of the valley from side to side

• The amount of water flow

• The length of the river

Which feature is associated with the middle course of a river?

• Steep channel gradient and large sediment size

• Combination of features and characteristics of upper and lower courses

• Floodplain on valley floor

• Tidal channel

Why is vertical erosion important in the formation of river valleys?

• It deepens the valley by wearing away the river bed.

• It widens the valley by eroding the sides.

• It deposits sediment on the valley floor.

• It prevents weathering of the valley sides.

How does the valley side appear in the upper course of a river?

• Flat valley sides

• Steep valley sides

• Curved valley sides

• Gentle valley sides

The middle course of a river is characterized by which of the following?

• Only upper-course features

• Only lower-course features

• A combination of upper-course and lower-course features

• No distinct features

What happens to river discharge as it moves from its source to its mouth?

• Discharge decreases because water evaporates.

• Discharge remains constant throughout.

• Discharge increases because tributaries add more water.

• Discharge decreases due to less rainfall downstream.